Epidemiology, Screening, Pathology and Pathogenesis
Fig. 39.1 Zonal anatomy of the prostate (Reprinted from McNeal [2]. With permission from Wolters Kluwer Health) The peripheral zone (PZ) (Fig. 39.1) accounts for 70 % of glandular tissue…
Brachytherapy for Prostate Cancer
Radionuclide Half-life (days) Emitted energy spectra (weighted average MeV) Half-value layer of lead (mm) 125I (Iodine) 59.4 0.028 0.025 103Pd (Palladium) 17.0 0.021 0.008 131Cs (Caesium) 9.7 0.030 0.022 192Ir…
Superficial Bladder Cancer
Dye industry Textiles Printing Rubber industry/Tyre manufacture Steel industry Cable manufacture Leather industry Petroleum Shoemakers Lorry drivers Drill press workers Rodent exterminators Sewage workers Hairdressers In 1938, Hueper et al….
Molecular Biology of Urothelial Cancer
Molecular alteration Correlated with low-grade disease (% of cases) Correlated with high-grade disease (% of cases) Reference # FGFR3 40–88 0–36 [28–30, 32–38] RAS 0–44 2–65 [32, 33, 42, 43,…
Principles and Design Considerations of Clinical Trials
such that the probability of a false positive is α and the power to detect the largest clinically relevant difference in event rates is 1 − β. Assuming that both the treatment…
The Hormonal Management of Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Fig. 48.1 F-18 NaF PET bone scan images of a 87 year old male treated with radical prostatectomy in 1997 for Gleason score 5 adenocarcinoma. He experienced biochemical recurrence, and…
Nuclear Medicine in Urological Cancer
Radiopharmaceutical agent Indication 99Tcm Diethylene Triamine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) Measurement of GFR, renography 99Tcm Mercaptoacetylgly-cylglycylglycine (MAG3) Clearance studies, renography 99Tcm dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) Divided renal function, characterization of renal space occupying…
Laparoscopy and Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopy in Uro-oncological Surgery
Fig. 12.1 Incision at the bladder neck The longitudinal musculature at the prostate-vesical junction is then divided with scissors. This opens the space, which contains the vasa deferentia. The vasa…
Pathology of Testicular Tumors
Germ cell tumors Intratubular germ cell neoplasia, unclassified type (IGCNU) Seminoma (including cases with syncytiotrophoblastic cells) Spermatocytic seminoma (mention if there is sarcomatous component) Embryonal carcinoma Yolk sac tumour Choriocarcinoma…
Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis and Staging
Author Year N° pts PSA (mean; ng/ml) N° cores Cancer detection rate (%) Borboroglu et al. [48] 2000 57 8.6 22.5 30 Stewart et al. [49] 2001 224 8.7 23…
