Polyposis and Hereditary Cancer Syndromes Amy E. Noffsinger ▪ POLYPOSIS SYNDROMES Introduction Polyps may develop anywhere throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) system and arise either as sporadic lesions or as part…
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Ilyssa O. Gordon Chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes two chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disorders of unknown etiology: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD). The natural…
Motility Disorders Amy E. Noffsinger Normal gastrointestinal motility depends on intact neuromuscular function including both intrinsic and extrinsic innervation, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), and the activity of smooth and…
The Nonneoplastic Small Intestine Jonathan N. Glickman ▪ EMBRYOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT There are two major steps in gastrointestinal (GI) development: the formation of the gut tube and the formation of…
Neoplastic Appendix Amy E. Noffsinger Appendiceal tumors constitute less than 0.4% of all intestinal neoplasms. Pathologically, they resemble their small and large intestinal counterparts. The most significant difference between appendiceal…
Nonneoplastic Diseases of the Appendix Amy E. Noffsinger ▪ NORMAL EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT The cecum appears during the 5th fetal week, arising as a diverticulum from the distal primitive intestinal loop…
Epithelial Tumors of the Small Intestine Amy E. Noffsinger ▪ GENERAL FEATURES OF SMALL INTESTINAL TUMORS Benign and malignant small intestinal tumors are uncommon. Most small bowel malignancies are metastases…
The Neoplastic Stomach Rebecca Wilcox Gastric neoplasms constitute a heterogeneous group of tumors; most are adenocarcinomas. Less common gastric cancers, such as lymphomas, neuroendocrine tumors, and mesenchymal tumors, are discussed…
The Nonneoplastic Stomach Kevin Turner Robert M. Genta ▪ THE NORMAL STOMACH Embryology The stomach develops from a fusiform foregut swelling at approximately 4 weeks’ gestation. It originates in the…
The Neoplastic Esophagus Cheryl Mather Lisa Koch Maria Westerhoff Esophageal tumors arise in any of the tissues constituting its four layers: The mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria, and adventitia. This chapter…