Uric Acid and the Kidney
Fig. 26.1 Production and metabolism of uric acid. XO xanthine oxidase, XDH xanthine dehydrogenase, NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide The best known consequence of an elevated uric acid in humans is…
Other Glomerular Diseases
Fig. 19.1 Collagenofibrotic glomerulopathy (PAS stain). From Ponticelli and Glassock [1]; by permission of Oxford University Press The mechanisms responsible for the deposition of type III collagen in glomeruli are…
Glomerular Disease in Pregnancy
Preeclampsia HELLP syndrome Active lupus nephritis Timing in pregnancy (weeks gestation) After 20 weeks After 20 weeks Any gestational age Complement (C3, C4) Normal Normal May be decreased Thrombocytopenia…
Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease
Fig. 20.1 Light chain deposition disease. Glomeruli showing (A) PAS and (B) silver positive mesangial nodules. Note the lobular accentuation of the glomerular tufts. Arrows point to mesangial nodules. (PAS-…
Thrombotic Microangiopathies: Thrombus Formation Due to Common or Related Mechanisms?
Fig. 15.1 Thrombus formation in the kidney of aHUS. (a) Silver-methenamine stained section of a glomerulus of an aHUS patient with microthrombi (white arrow). Black arrow points at RBCs (×40)….
Plasmapheresis
Fig. 27.1 Standard membrane filtration (a), adsorption (b), and selective filtration (c) systems. (a) Blood is pumped into a biocompatible membrane that allows the filtration of plasma while retaining cellular…
Glomerular Diseases Associated with HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C Infections
Fig. 13.1 Collapsing glomerulopathy seen in HIVAN. Jones-methenamine stain showing collapse of the capillary loops with overlying podocyte hyperplasia (×40) Fig. 13.2 Low-power view of collapsing glomerulopathy in HIVAN. Jones-methenamine…
Acute Interstitial Nephritis
Medication-related AIN AIN associated with infections Direct invasion of the kidney Remote infection Idiopathic AIN—TINU syndrome AIN associated with glomerular and systemic diseases With anti-TBM antibodies SLE and MCTD Sarcoid…
Pathogenesis and Management of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Fig. 10.1 On ethanol-fixed neutrophils, proteinase-3 (PR3) ANCA cause a characteristic cytoplasmic granular centrally accentuated immunofluorescence pattern, referred as c-ANCA (top), while myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA causes a perinuclear immunofluorescence pattern, referred…
Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Primary (idiopathic) FSGS Secondary FSGS Classic (not otherwise specified) variant Infection Tip lesion variant HIV (usually collapsing variant) Collapsing glomerulopathy variant Parvovirus B19 Perihilar variant Medication and drug related Familial…
