Fig. 9.1 Todani classification of congenital bile duct dilatations (Reprinted from Todani [6] with permission of Springer International Publishing) Fig. 9.2 MR cholangiography: type IA choledochal cyst (arrows). G gallbladder…
Fig. 10.1 Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC): dilated intrahepatic bile ducts with multiple stones over stricture of hepaticojejunostomy (secondary intrahepatic lithiasis) 10.2 Etiology The etiology of primary hepatolithiasis remains not fully…
Infectious Noninfectious Parasitic Nonparasitic Simple cyst Partial cystic component Hydatic cyst Pyogenic liver abscesses PCLD Intrahepatic pseudocysts Amebic abscess Peribiliary cyst Bilomas Post-traumatic hematoma Surgical treatment should only be reserved…
Fig. 21.1 Celiac angiography shows the typical appearance of FNH as a hypervascular lesion with a central feeding artery radiating in a spoke-wheel manner into the lesion (Reprinted with permission…
Fig. 6.1 A young asymptomatic man with giant cavernous hemangioma. On unenhanced CT scan, (a) the lesion is hypodense with well-defined lobulated margins. This large tumor shows a central non-enhanced…
Fig. 20.1 Liver resection using two stay sutures for retraction. One of them is exteriorized (the right one) 20.5 Robotics for Benign Liver Tumors The da Vinci robotic system can…
Polycystic liver disease (PLD) Liver Cell Adenoma (LCA) and Liver Adenomatosis (LA) Hepatic Hemangioma (HH) Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) Other infrequent solid nodules (hepatic hydatid disease; nodular regenerative hyperplasia; lymphangiomatosis…
Fig. 16.1 Transverse sonogram of the liver, the arrows indicate a hypoechoic nodule due to sarcoidosis (Reprinted with permission from Kessler et al. [6]) Fig. 16.2 Splenic US, multiple hypoechoic…
2008 2009 2010 Total % Normal anatomy 122 110 81 313 67.3 Seg 6–7° from main left duct 24 21 19 64 13.8 Trifurcation 9 14 7 30 6.5…
Fig. 7.1 Atypical hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient with chronic liver disease and a previous hepatic resection for HCC. At US screening, an isoechoic nodule with an hypoechoic halo (a)…
