Fig. 7.1 Calcium oxalate dihydrate stone (Courtesy of Louis C. Herring & Co., Orlando, FL) Fig. 7.2 Urinary calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals under polarized light microscopy (M. Daudon, CRISTAL Laboratory)…

Fig. 20.1 Large cystine stone (a) and coronal CT scan image (b) demonstrating a left staghorn calculus and a smaller left upper pole stone Description Access to the kidney is…

Fig. 6.1 (a) Uric Acid, (b) calcium oxalate monohydrate and a (c) mixed stone (50 % uric acid and 50 % calcium oxalate monohydrate) Randall’s Plaques: Big Stones Have Small…

and John A. Ferretti1   (1) Department of Radiology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA     John A. Ferretti Email: John.Ferretti@stonybrookmedicine.edu Imaging Summary Facts Non-contrast CT is the most rapid and accurate technique…

Fig. 3.1 The urinary tract demonstrating the location of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra What Is the Urinary Tract? The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size…

Fig. 9.1 Cystoscopic view demonstrating enlarged lateral lobes of the prostate Surgical Factors Summary Stone Facts Not all weight surgical procedures are the same and the risk of stones can…

Fig. 24.1 Stone Cup Strainer (Courtesy of Advanced MedConnection, Inc.) Depending on the size and shape of the stone, this may take a few hours, to several days or even…

Fig. 22.1 Small openings in the stent allow urine to drain in and out of the stent Fig. 22.2 Ureteral stent demonstrating the curls on each end Stents are designed…

Fig. 14.1 Multiple Randall’s plaques in the papilla (black arrow) This hole in the urinary tract is where the pelvis of the kidney joins the ureter, called the UPJ, or…