Vascular Access

Feb 24, 2019 by in NEPHROLOGY Comments Off on Vascular Access

Abstract Vascular access is the sine qua non of hemodialysis; it is also the Achilles heel. In this chapter, we review the different types of vascular access, including merits, disadvantages,…

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Peritoneal Physiology

Feb 24, 2019 by in NEPHROLOGY Comments Off on Peritoneal Physiology

Abstract This chapter describes the anatomy and physiology of the peritoneal membrane anatomy in normal conditions and during peritoneal dialysis. A primary area of focus is the exchange of fluid,…

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Acute Complications of Hemodialysis

Feb 24, 2019 by in NEPHROLOGY Comments Off on Acute Complications of Hemodialysis

Abstract Hemodialysis is a complex procedure that is exceedingly safe. The safety of hemodialysis relies on both human and machine factors. This chapter reviews the myriad complications that can occur…

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The Use and Outcomes of Peritoneal Dialysis

Feb 24, 2019 by in NEPHROLOGY Comments Off on The Use and Outcomes of Peritoneal Dialysis

Abstract Peritoneal dialysis (PD) use varies greatly across regions, which can be understood by reviewing the following steps in the process of care: identification of all potential candidates, assessment for…

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Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Infections

Feb 24, 2019 by in NEPHROLOGY Comments Off on Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Infections

Keywords peritonitis, infection, microbiology   Outline Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis, 509 Pathogenesis, 509 Host Defense Mechanisms of the Peritoneal Cavity, 510 Presentation, 511 Diagnosis, 511 Treatment of Peritonitis, 511 Mycobacterial Peritonitis,…

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Hemodialysis-Associated Infections

Feb 24, 2019 by in NEPHROLOGY Comments Off on Hemodialysis-Associated Infections

Abstract Hemodialysis patients are at increased risk of infections, which are common adverse events among this patient population. We review factors contributing to infections among hemodialysis patients and epidemiology of…

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Hemodialysis Adequacy

Feb 24, 2019 by in NEPHROLOGY Comments Off on Hemodialysis Adequacy

Abstract Currently accepted measures of dialysis dose for hemodialysis often are referred to as measures of dialysis adequacy. Dialysis can perform many functions to partially correct kidney failure, such as…

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Principles of Hemodialysis

Feb 24, 2019 by in NEPHROLOGY Comments Off on Principles of Hemodialysis

Abstract In this chapter we review the physical, chemical, and clinical principles of hemodialysis as they relate to the treatment of uremia, starting with historical milestones and ending with projections…

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