The Surgical Treatment of Metabolic Disease and Morbid Obesity
The disease of obesity has continued to increase in the United States. Obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m 2 . In 1991, the…
Postoperative Metabolic and Nutritional Complications of Bariatric Surgery
Bariatric surgery has become an increasingly important method for management of medically complicated obesity. In patients who have undergone bariatric surgery, up to 87% with type 2 diabetes mellitus develop…
Endoscopy in the Obese Patient
Obese patients present many unique challenges to the endoscopist. Special consideration should be given to these patients, and endoscopists need to be aware of the additional challenges that may be…
Preoperative Gastrointestinal Assessment Before Bariatric Surgery
Obesity is a major health problem throughout the world. Bariatric surgery is frequently considered among the treatment options for the severely overweight, and surgically induced weight loss has become the…
Pharmacologic Therapies for Obesity
This article examines the transitions in pharmacological therapy for obesity. It reviews the current options approved by the Food and Drug Administration and several drugs approved for other indications that…
Hepatic Complications of Obesity
Obesity is associated with a spectrum of chronic liver disease. Because obesity increases the risk for advanced forms of liver disease (ie, cirrhosis and liver cancer), the obesity epidemic is…
Colonic Complications of Obesity
Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps. The increased prevalence of neoplasia coupled with the observation that obesity may be associated with a suboptimal bowel preparation…
Prevalence and Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Symptoms Among Normal Weight, Overweight, Obese and Extremely Obese Individuals
Until recently, the epidemiology of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms had not been adequately studied in relation to increasing body mass index. To date there are only a few studies in the…
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Obesity
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition, with multifactorial pathogenesis, affecting up to 40% of the population. Obesity is also common. Obesity and GERD are clearly related, both from…
Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Diseases Related to Obesity: An Overview
Obesity is a leading cause of illness and death worldwide. It is a risk factor for many common gastrointestinal symptoms and digestive disorders, including many cancers. Disruption of mechanisms that…
