Fig. 20.1 Conversion rate of laparoscopic colorectal surgery by type of previous operation. Figure represents data from Franko et al. [11]; 820 patients were evaluated. * represents conversion rates that…
Fig. 7.1 Positioning of the patient on a split-leg table The surgeon should confirm that all equipment is either in the room or is readily available (Table 7.1). A 30°…
Fig. 26.1 Combined endo-laparoscopic polypectomy. Laparoscopic manipulation of the bowel wall allows invagination of the bowel wall (right) facilitating polypectomy Indications Current indications for CELS include large benign colon polyps…
Fig. 13.1 Port placement for a total proctocolectomy with IPAA Some flexibility in port placement is also important. In obese patients, the umbilicus may be significantly more caudal relative to…
Fig. 21.1 CT scan demonstrating a port-site hernia The Veress needle is an alternative to the open technique and can be used alone or in conjunction with an optical view…
Hybrid NOTES: A primarily NOTES procedure assisted by addition of a secondary modality such as laparoscopy NOSE: Natural orifice specimen extraction. The use of a natural orifice through which to…
Condition Examples Unstable coronary syndromes Unstable or severe angina (CCS class III or IV)a Recent MIb Decompensated heart failure (NYHA functional class IV, worsening or new-onset HF) Significant arrhythmias High-grade…
Fig. 30.1 Crohn’s disease of the terminal ileum The short-term benefits of MI surgery have been shown in randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, although most trials had a limited sample…
Fig. 2.1 Outer port/cannula of a 10 mm dilating/non-cutting trocar All modern trocars generally include a gas-tight valve, which allows for removal and introduction of instruments without the loss of…
Cardiovascular ↑Plasma blood volume (40–50 %) ↑SV ↑CO (50 %) ↓SVR ↓BP, ↑HR Pulmonary ↔TLC ↓FRC ↑IC ↑MV Hematology ↑RBC volume ↓Hcta ↑Hypercoagulable state Gastrointestinal ↓Gastric emptying ↓GEJ tone …
