Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy and Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis Manish K. Saha Mahmoud Kallash IMMUNOGLOBULIN A NEPHROPATHY IN ADULTS Epidemiology Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis (GN) in the…
Lupus Nephritis (Including Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome) Dawn J. Caster Scott E. Wenderfer INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common cause of glomerular disease. The prevalence of systemic…
Diabetic Kidney Disease Radica Z. Alicic Joshua J. Neumiller Katherine R. Tuttle INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM), owing in part to the classic presenting symptom of polyuria, has long been associated…
Fibrillary and Immunotactoid Glomerulonephritis Rupali S. Avasare Samar M. Said Samih H. Nasr FIBRILLARY GLOMERULONEPHRITIS Introduction/General Considerations Fibrillary glomerulonephritis (FGN) is a rare glomerular disease first described by Rosenmann and…
Membranous Nephropathy Anne M. Kouri Sonia Boyer-Sauvet Michelle M. O’Shaughnessy INTRODUCTION/GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults without diabetes, and the estimated incidence…
Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome Shanthi S. Balani Sarah J. Kizilbash INTRODUCTION Nephrotic syndrome is a heterogeneous group of disorders classically characterized by a triad of massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. Based…
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Louis-Philippe Laurin Laura H. Mariani INTRODUCTION Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a major cause of glomerular disease worldwide. It represents a histologic pattern of kidney injury rather…
Minimal Change Disease Chia-shi Wang Patrick H. Nachman INTRODUCTION/GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Minimal change disease (MCD) is characterized by nephrotic syndrome and normal glomerular histology by light microscopy, with podocyte effacement on…
Extrarenal Manifestations of Nephrotic Syndrome Bryce A. Kerlin Vimal K. Derebail INTRODUCTION/GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Three extrarenal manifestations drive much of the morbidity and mortality that results from nephrotic syndrome (NS). Edema…
Approach to the Diagnosis of Glomerular Disease A. Neil Turner The current nomenclature for glomerulonephritis is a confusing mixture of terms derived from light microscopy and those derived from more…
