Miscellaneous Lesions
Miscellaneous Lesions Torsion of Appendices Epiploica (Epiploic Appendagitis) The appendices epiploica lie along the entire colon from the cecum to the upper part of the rectum. Torsion or vascular thrombosis…
GASTROENTEROLOGY
Effects of Surgery and Therapeutic Procedures
Effects of Surgery and Therapeutic Procedures Endoscopic Thermal Injury Endoscopic resection of colorectal polyps is currently a standard practice. In general, the resection margin passes through the submucosa. Less than…
Lesions Presenting as Polyps
Lesions Presenting as Polyps Normally, the dynamic process of cell division is balanced by exfoliation from the luminal surface. If an imbalance occurs, either because of increased replication or decreased…
Endometriosis and Endosalpingiosis
Endometriosis and Endosalpingiosis Colonic involvement occurs in 3% to 34% of women with endometriosis. Patients range in age from 28 to 56 years (609). Recurrent, crampy, mild abdominal pain is…
Infectious Colitis
Infectious Colitis General Comments The indigenous colonic flora and an intact mucosal barrier represent vital components of the body’s defenses against invasion by pathogens. Disruption of these defenses facilitates bacterial…
Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis All known types of amyloid affect the gastrointestinal tract, including amyloid A (AA), amyloid of lambda (AL), or kappa light chain origin, transthyretin amyloid (ATTR), and β2-microglobulin (β2M). They…
Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most frequent lethal autosomal recessive disease in Caucasians, is caused by more than 1,000 different mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)…
Lysosomal Storage Diseases
Lysosomal Storage Diseases The lysosomal storage disorders result from various enzymatic defects, which include the absence of an enzyme activator or a protective protein, lack of a substrate activator protein,…
Connective Tissue Disorders
Connective Tissue Disorders Marfan Syndrome Marfan syndrome is a connective tissue disorder that primarily affects the skeleton, eyes, and cardiovascular system. Diverticula develop in children and in young patients with…
Intestinal Changes Associated with Immunologic Injury
Intestinal Changes Associated with Immunologic Injury HIV Infections Epidemiology AIDS results from infection by HIV. It associates with a number of defining abnormalities (Table 13.25). More than 30 million people…
