Abstract Many new insights into the molecular mechanisms of intestinal absorption of calcium, phosphate, and magnesium have been made over the past decade. These include the identification, cloning, and characterization…
Abstract Carbohydrates in the diet are digested in the small intestine to glucose, galactose, and fructose, and these sugars are then absorbed by enterocytes lining the upper third of the…
Abstract Helicobacter pylori induces a persistent inflammatory response within the human stomach, and chronic gastritis is the strongest known risk factor for peptic ulceration and distal gastric cancer. Further, H….
Abstract Intestinal lipid transport is coordinated through pathways that facilitate uptake and metabolic channeling of fatty acids, monoglycerides, lipovitamins, and sterols into complex lipid for temporary storage and systemic delivery….
Abstract Infections of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or protozoan parasites impose a huge burden on society. Despite intensive research to combat infections, increasing…
Abstract The central role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ) is to regulate calcium and phosphorus homeostasis through actions in the intestine, kidney, and bone. These actions…
Abstract The extent of digestion of the complete diet is a major determinant of how well trace metal (elements) are absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. Malabsorption tends to reduce trace…
Abstract In the gastrointestinal tract, ionic balance, fluid absorption, and secretion are vital to maintain homeostasis allowing for the maintenance of a membrane potential, adequate nutrient intake, normal gut motility,…
Abstract Large quantities of fluid are transported across epithelial barriers in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract for secretion of saliva, gastric juice, bile and pancreatic fluid, and for fluid absorption in…
Abstract Iron derived from dietary sources is essential to support numerous physiological functions in mammals, including oxygen transport, energy production, antioxidant defense, and regulation of gene expression. Absorption of dietary…
