Abdominal Key

Fig. 1 Parks’ classification of perianal fistulae The treatment of perianal fistulae may be medical or surgical. It depends mainly on the nature and course of fistulae and the presence of…

Omental involvement 97 % Ascites 49 % Serosal implants 19 % Mesenteric involvements 16 % Peritoneal implants 54 % Interruption of the anterior peritoneal line 16 % Liver metastasis 38 % Lymphadenopathies 24 % Gallbladder wall thickening 32 %…

Fig. 1 Inguinal hernia. a Oblique scan of inguinoscrotal region showing the inguinal hernia containing omentum (OM) and bowel (BO). The testis (T) is undescended and located in the inguinal canal….

Fig. 1 Longitudinal (left side) and transverse (right side) scanning of cervical esophagus (arrows). T Thyroid, C Carotid artery Terminal esophagus is sub-diaphragmatic and can be examined by scanning sagittally the…

2 The Imaging Techniques 2.1 Sono-Elastography (Quasi-Static Elastography) This technique uses operator induced stress or endogenous stress to create strain in the tissue under the US probe. Since the amount…

Fig. 1 Schematic drawing of two types of colorectal cancer. a Mass-forming colorectal cancer. b Short segmental wall thickening Adjacent lymph node involvement is frequent and the liver is the most…

1. Malignant diseases  a. Haematologic (Hodgkin’s disease, non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, amyloidosis)  b. Metastatic (from numerous primary sites) 2. Immunological diseases  a. Crohn’s disease  b. Ulcerative colitis  d. Systemic lupus erythematosus  e….

Fig. 1 Submucosal tumor (smt) of gastric antrum. Endosonography (a) and gastric hydrosonography (b) show a small submucosal lesion Fig. 2 Submucosal tumor (smt) of gastric antrum. Endosonography (a) and gastric hydrosonography…

Fig. 1 The pseudo-kidney sign. The strong echogenic center (corresponding to the lumen content) is surrounded by an echo-poor rim (thickened bowel wall) in a case of colonic adenocarcinoma Fig. 2 The…

Fig. 1 Transvaginal sonography showing an ovarian endometrioma (*) along with a sigmoid colon with thickened bowel wall and hyperechoic submucosal layer (#) in a Crohn’s disease patient 2 Etiology and…