Fig. 2.1 Algorithm for endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastrointestinal neoplasms Absolute and Expanded Indications of ESD for EGC Currently accepted indications for endoscopic resection of EGC include the resection of…
Fig. 25.1 Preparation of ex vivo porcine model. (a) Incision about 10 cm along the greater curvature with a scalpel; (b) Open porcine stomach greater curvature; (c) Gauze is applied…
Dye (chromoendoscopy) Optical Electronic Lugol’s solution Magnification endoscopy Spectrometry Methylene blue Narrow band imaging Optical coherence tomography Crystal violet Autofluorescence imaging Fujinon intelligent color enhancement Indigo carmine Endocytoscopy iScan Congo…
Fig. 20.1 Post-ESD scars (after curative resection of EGC) Fig. 20.2 Granulation tissue after ESD of EGC (surveillance biopsy showed no local tumor recurrence) Fig. 20.3 Local recurrence at previous…
Fig. 11.1 (a) IT knife, (b) IT knife 2, and (c) IT knife nano Preparation Informed Consent Informed consent should be obtained from patients only after they have received an…
Fig. 9.1 Cutting current Coag In general, coagulation current is produced by intermittent bursts of higher voltage alternating current (Fig. 9.2). The effect is a slower increase in temperature that…
Fig. 15.1 (a) Confluent epithelial cells were strongly connected to each other and attached to the temperature-responsive surfaces of the culture dishes at 36 °C. (b) Cell sheets were harvested…
Fig. 21.1 (a) ESD: Mucosa, with some submucosal tissue, is resected, and the exposed muscle layer facilitates as a barrier to esophageal content. (b) POEM: Muscle layer was dissected in…
Procedure Year Author Country Route Number Operation time (min) Complications Cholecystectomy 2008 Rao et al India Transvaginal 3 NA None 2009 Palanivelu et al India Transvaginal 8 148 1 subhepatic…
Ideal SFC solution characteristics SFC solution should be: [5, 10, 14] Cost Inexpensive Clarity Transparent enough to help identify submucosal structures Local and systemic toxicity Non-toxic Availability Readily in bulk…
