History of Minimally Invasive Techniques for Radical Cystectomy with Urinary Diversion

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on History of Minimally Invasive Techniques for Radical Cystectomy with Urinary Diversion

Erik P. Castle and Raj S. Pruthi (eds.)Robotic Surgery of the Bladder201410.1007/978-1-4614-4906-5_1© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 1. History of Minimally Invasive Techniques for Radical Cystectomy with Urinary Diversion Jan Colli1, Mathew Oommen1   and Raju Thomas1 (1)…

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Principles of Bladder Cancer Surgery

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Principles of Bladder Cancer Surgery

Fig. 2.1 Pelvic lymphadenectomy boundaries. Reprinted, with permission, from Elsevier Limited, Hurle, R., Naspro, R.: Pelvic lymphadenectomy during radical cystectomy: a review of the literature. Surg Oncol, 19: 208, 2010…

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Preoperative Preparation and Care

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Preoperative Preparation and Care

Erik P. Castle and Raj S. Pruthi (eds.)Robotic Surgery of the Bladder201410.1007/978-1-4614-4906-5_5© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 5. Preoperative Preparation and Care Jeffrey Holzbeierlein1   and Joshua G. Griffin2 (1) Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center,…

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Penis

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Penis

(1) Al Agouza, Cairo, PO, Egypt   2.1 Embryology and Penile Development Between the fourth and seventh weeks, the mesodermal mesenchyme migrates to the cranial aspect of the cloacal membrane…

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Urinary Bladder

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Urinary Bladder

(1) Al Agouza, Cairo, PO, Egypt   6.1 Bladder Agenesis Incidence Agenesis of the bladder is an extremely rare congenital anomaly, with approximately 65 cases reported, with only 22 live…

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Scrotum

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Scrotum

(1) Al Agouza, Cairo, PO, Egypt   4.1 Normal Anatomy and Histology The scrotum consists of the skin, the dartos muscle, and external spermatic, cremasteric, and internal spermatic fasciae. The…

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Urethral Anomalies

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Urethral Anomalies

(1) Al Agouza, Cairo, PO, Egypt   7.1 Embryology and Anatomy Two distinct embryological pathways are suggested for the development of the distal glanular urethra. One theory supports the idea…

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Testis

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Testis

(1) Al Agouza, Cairo, PO, Egypt   5.1 Testicular Development During the seventh week, XY male gonads begin to differentiate under the influence of a series of testis-determining genes. The…

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Ovary

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Ovary

(1) Al Agouza, Cairo, PO, Egypt   Embryology The primordial germ cells are first found at the 24th day near the allantois. The germ cells proliferate and migrate to reach…

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Uterus

Mar 29, 2017 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Uterus

(1) Al Agouza, Cairo, PO, Egypt   13.1 Embryological Background In the female fetus, the Müllerian ducts normally meet in the midline by 8 weeks and subsequently give rise to…

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