HIV and the Intestine
Fig. 18.1 Pathway of malnutrition and gastrointestinal disorders in children with HIV infection. A complex interplay exists among these conditions. (Reprinted from [3] with permission) Since the beginning of AIDS…
Infantile Cholestasis: Approach and Diagnostic Algorithm
Obstructive Infectious Biliary atresia Congenital TORCH infection: Choledochal cyst Toxoplasmosis Syndromic and nonsyndromic paucity of interlobular bile ducts Cytomegalovirus Rubella Inspissated bile syndrome Herpes virus Caroli’s disease/congenital hepatic fibrosis HIV…
Cystic Fibrosis
Glucose-6-phosphatase Adrenal insufficiency Familial hypoparathyroidism Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus Mauriac’s syndrome Familial cholestatic syndrome Anorexia nervosa Severe malnutrition Atopic dermatitis Keratitis–ichthyosis–deafness (KID) syndrome Fucosidosis Pseudohypoaldosteronism Patients undergoing prostaglandin infusions Hyperchlorhidrosis caused…
New Horizons in Pediatric Hepatology: A Glimpse of the Future
Inborn errors of metabolism Crigler–Najjar syndrome type 1 Familial hypercholesterolaemia FVII deficiency Glycogen storage disease type I Infantile Refsum’s disease Progressive familial intra-hepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC2) Urea cycle defects…
Crohn’s Disease
Fig. 28.1 Pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases Epidemiology Although IBD can occur at any age, up to 25 % of patients develop symptoms during childhood and adolescence [1, 2]….
Viral Diarrhea
Established Probable Possible in selected children Rotavirus Torovirus HIV Norovirus Aichi virus enterovirus 22 Cytomegalovirus Adenovirus Epstein–Barr virus picobirnavirus Astrovirus The viruses most frequently responsible for acute gastroenteritis in children…
Growing Up with Liver Disease
Barrier to adherence Strategies Naive about the risks of non-adherence Individualized education about illness and medication Burden of medication regime: too many tablets or too many times a day Simplify…
Malnutrition: A Global Problem
Fig. 44.1 Global prevalence of stunting and underweight in children under 5 years of age [3] CEE Central and Eastern Europe, CIS Commonwealth of Independent States Deficiencies of essential vitamins…
Pediatric Liver Transplantation
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Stefano Guandalini, Anil Dhawan and David Branski (eds.)Textbook of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition10.1007/978-3-319-17169-2_73 73. Pediatric Liver Transplantation Nigel Heaton1 (1) King’s Health Partners, Institute of Liver Studies, Kings College Hospital FT…
Nutritional Management of Children with Liver Disease
Causes of malnutrition Contributing factors Decreased nutrient intake Nausea and vomiting Pruritis Taste changes Unpalatable diets/specialist feeds Reduced gastric capacity and discomfort from ascites or organomegaly Fluid and sodium restriction…
