Infectious Colitis
Infectious Colitis General Comments The indigenous colonic flora and an intact mucosal barrier represent vital components of the body’s defenses against invasion by pathogens. Disruption of these defenses facilitates bacterial…
Amyloidosis
Amyloidosis All known types of amyloid affect the gastrointestinal tract, including amyloid A (AA), amyloid of lambda (AL), or kappa light chain origin, transthyretin amyloid (ATTR), and β2-microglobulin (β2M). They…
Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most frequent lethal autosomal recessive disease in Caucasians, is caused by more than 1,000 different mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)…
Lysosomal Storage Diseases
Lysosomal Storage Diseases The lysosomal storage disorders result from various enzymatic defects, which include the absence of an enzyme activator or a protective protein, lack of a substrate activator protein,…
Connective Tissue Disorders
Connective Tissue Disorders Marfan Syndrome Marfan syndrome is a connective tissue disorder that primarily affects the skeleton, eyes, and cardiovascular system. Diverticula develop in children and in young patients with…
Intestinal Changes Associated with Immunologic Injury
Intestinal Changes Associated with Immunologic Injury HIV Infections Epidemiology AIDS results from infection by HIV. It associates with a number of defining abnormalities (Table 13.25). More than 30 million people…
Pneumatosis Coli
Pneumatosis Coli Pneumatosis coli consists of gas-filled cysts within the bowel wall. Pneumatosis is asymptomatic or accompanied by constipation or diarrhea. The lesion may also be detected endoscopically or radiographically….
Vascular Lesions
Vascular Lesions A number of vascular lesions affect the large intestine. In this chapter we will deal with nonneoplastic vascular abnormalities. Vascular tumors are covered in Chapter 19. Portal Colopathy…
Disorders Associated with Granulomas and Macrophage Collections
Disorders Associated with Granulomas and Macrophage Collections Granulomas and collections of macrophages complicate various gastrointestinal conditions, as extensively discussed in Chapter 6. Macrophage collections take the form of both compact…
Lesions Associated with Increased Numbers of Eosinophils
Lesions Associated with Increased Numbers of Eosinophils Occasionally one encounters biopsies in which the most striking change is a marked increase in the number of eosinophils. Their presence can suggest…
