Indications Print Section Listen Iatrogenic biliary injuries associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (most common), or other foregut operations. Operative approach depends on the time the injury is diagnosed (eg, immediately, early…
Indications Print Section Listen Open Common Bile Duct Exploration Clearance of biliary obstruction due to calculus disease if endoscopic techniques (eg, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) are unavailable, have failed, or are…
Indications Print Section Listen Malignant lesions involving the head of pancreas, ampulla of Vater, distal end of the common bile duct, or duodenum. Absence of metastasis. Absence of arterial involvement….
Indications Print Section Listen Metastasis (colon, breast, neuroendocrine). Hepatocellular carcinoma. Cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatoblastoma. Gallbladder carcinoma. Hepatic sarcoma. Adenoma. Biliary cystadenoma. Symptomatic hemangioma or focal nodular hyperplasia. Hepatic tumor of unknown etiology….
Indications Print Section Listen Gastrostomy Long-term (> 4–6 weeks) gastric feeding required under the following circumstances: Patient is unable to swallow. Oral feeding is precluded. Oral intake alone is inadequate….
Indications Print Section Listen Body mass index (BMI) > 40. BMI between 35 and 40 and presence of such comorbid conditions as severe obstructive sleep apnea, pickwickian syndrome, obesity-related cardiomyopathy,…
Indications Print Section Listen General Duodenal or gastric ulcer. Bleeding. Perforation. Vagotomy for Bleeding Duodenal Ulcer With current antacid therapies, indications have become more selective. Chronic ulcers that are Helicobacter…
Indications Print Section Listen Laparoscopic and Open Nissen Fundoplication Evidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) plus: Sequelae of GERD refractory to medical therapy (eg, esophageal strictures, Barrett’s esophagus, recurrent aspiration,…
Indications Print Section Listen Malignant tumors. Benign tumors. Intractable bleeding. Chronic ulceration and inflammation. Contraindications Print Section Listen Absolute Inability to completely resect primary cancer. Distant metastases. Relative High operative…
Indications Print Section Listen Resectable esophageal carcinoma. Barrett esophagus with high-grade dysplasia. Carcinoma of the cardia or proximal stomach. Achalasia. Advanced disease (mega-esophagus). Failed esophagomyotomy. Benign (undilatable) stricture. Recurrent hiatal…
