Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Cryotherapy
Fig. 11.1 (a) Sagittal view of the prostatic apex. In this view near the midline of the prostate, the structures can be challenging to distinguish. (b) Sagittal view of the…
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prostate Cancer
Fig. 13.1 Schematic describing the physics underlying magnetic resonance imaging To receive signal, prostate MRI requires a pelvic phased-array coil laid directly across the patient’s pelvis. This can be supplemented…
Augmented Reality for Percutaneous Renal Interventions
Procedure [Ref] Target of navigation Imaging modalities Tracking systems Modifications of navigation Comments Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) [8–13] Urinary stone Fluoroscopy (two, in-line, iso-centric) Mechanical Ultrasound arm All tested…
Image Guidance in Robotic-Assisted Renal Surgery
Fig. 18.1 Rendered liver in intraoperative display. In a fully realized abdominal image-guided system such as the one shown here, the relative position of a surgical tool (shown in green)…
Narrow Band Imaging for Urothelial Cancer
Fig. 2.1 Narrow band imaging filter technology. Light source and video processor are used to deliver high-definition light through the cystoscope (Courtesy of Olympus) Fig. 2.2 Normal bladder. White-light imaging…
MR-Guided Renal Ablation
Fig. 16.1 (a, b) Siemens Magnetom MRI (low-field (0.2-T) biplanar magnet design) (Courtesy of Siemens Healthcare 2014) Fig. 16.2 (a, b). Siemens Magnetom Espree MRI (high-field (1.5-T) short-bore magnet design)…
Multiphoton Microscopy in Urologic Surgery
Fig. 6.1 Basic principles of multiphoton microscopy (MPM). (a) The Jablonski diagram showing how MPM fluorescence emission is caused by the simultaneous absorption of two or three low-energy (near-infrared) photons,…
Endoluminal Ultrasonography
Fig. 12.1 ELUS probe and system. (a) Photograph of a 5.4 French (1.8 mm) ELUS probe. This probe can be passed over a guidewire, and it has a shielded transducer,…
Fluorescence Image-Guided Robotic Surgery
Fig. 5.1 Schematic illustration of an NIRF imaging system. Essential components of an NIRF imaging system include an NIR excitation light, collection optics, NIR filters, an NIRF video camera, a…
Urologic Surgery Training Using Computer-Assisted Simulators
Authors Year published Simulator studied Exercises performed in study Number of participants in study Validity assessed Brinkman et al. 2013 dVSSS Ring and rail 2 17 novices Repetitions required Colaco…
