Chapter Outline BODY FLUIDS: COMPARTMENTALIZATION, COMPOSITION, AND TURNOVER, 460 WATER METABOLISM, 462 Vasopressin Synthesis and Secretion, 462 Thirst, 471 Integration of Vasopressin Secretion and Thirst, 472 DISORDERS OF INSUFFICIENT VASOPRESSIN…
Chapter Outline ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS, 512 Buffer Systems, 512 Mechanisms of pH Buffering, 512 Chemical Equilibria of Physicochemical Buffer Systems, 512 Chemical Equilibria for the Carbon Dioxide–Bicarbonate System, 513 Physiologic Advantage…
Chapter Outline NORMAL POTASSIUM BALANCE, 559 Potassium Transport Mechanisms, 560 Factors Affecting Internal Distribution of Potassium, 562 RENAL POTASSIUM EXCRETION, 563 Potassium Transport in the Distal Nephron, 563 Control of…
Chapter Outline PHYSIOLOGY, 390 Sodium Balance, 391 Effective Arterial Blood Volume, 393 Regulation of Effective Arterial Blood Volume, 394 SODIUM BALANCE DISORDERS, 421 Hypovolemia, 421 Hypervolemia, 425 SPECIFIC TREATMENTS BASED…
Chapter Outline EPIDEMIOLOGY OF END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE, 638 Incidence, 638 Prevalence, 641 Kidney Transplantation, 642 International Comparisons, 643 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, 643 Prevalence, 645 Incidence, 645 Outcome by…
Chapter Outline DISORDERS OF CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS, 601 Whole-Body Calcium Homeostasis, 601 Hypercalcemia, 602 Hypocalcemia, 612 DISORDERS OF MAGNESIUM HOMEOSTASIS, 618 Hypomagnesemia and Magnesium Deficiency, 618 Hypermagnesemia, 625 DISORDERS OF PHOSPHATE…
Chapter Outline CALCIUM TRANSPORT IN THE KIDNEY, 185 Role of Calcium in Cellular Processes, 185 Calcium Present in Serum in Bound and Free Forms, 186 Regulation of Calcium Homeostasis by…
Chapter Outline INDEPENDENT REGULATION OF WATER AND SALT EXCRETION, 258 CRITICAL ROLE OF PARALLEL ORGANIZATION OF STRUCTURES IN THE RENAL MEDULLA TO URINARY CONCENTRATING AND DILUTING PROCESS, 259 Renal Tubules,…
Chapter Outline VASOPRESSIN—THE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE, 282 THE TYPE 2 VASOPRESSIN RECEPTOR—A G PROTEIN–COUPLED RECEPTOR, 282 Interaction of Type 2 Vasopressin Receptor with Heterotrimeric G Proteins and β-Arrestin, 282 Fate of…
Chapter Outline GROSS FEATURES, 42 THE NEPHRON, 44 Renal Corpuscle, 45 Endothelial Cells, 46 Glomerular Basement Membrane, 48 Visceral Epithelial Cells, 49 Mesangial Cells, 51 Parietal Epithelial Cells, 52 Peripolar…