Classification Systolic BP (mmHg) Diastolic BP (mmHg) Normal <120 AND <80 Prehypertension 120–139 OR 80–89 Stage I HTN 140–159 OR 90–99 Stage II HTN ≥160 OR ≥100 BP classification was…

Fig. 17.1 Diffusion across a semipermeable membrane. The driving force for solute diffusion is the transmembrane concentration gradient. Small solutes with higher concentrations in the blood compartment, such as potassium,…

Condition Urinary ACR (mg/g) Terms Normoalbuminuria <30 Normally to mildly increased Microalbuminuria 30–300 Moderately increased Macroalbuminuria/overt proteinuria >300 Severely increased ACR albumin-to-creatinine ratio Proteinuria, first characterized by Kimmelstiel and Wilson…

Fig. 18.1 Diffusion is driven by the concentration gradient over the membrane Fig. 18.2 Ultrafiltration driven by the osmotic agent over the membrane Lactate dialysates with different concentrations of glucose,…

Fig. 8.1 Clinical usage of magnetic resonance imaging. DCE dynamic contrast-enhanced; ASL arterial spin labeling; DWI diffusion-weighted imaging; DTI diffusion tensor imaging; BOLD blood oxygen level-dependent; MRE magnetic resonance elastography;…

Fig. 6.1 Prevalence of chronic kidney disease by age group in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for 1988–1994 and 1999–2004. (Reproduced with permission from Coresh et al….