Regulation: Nerves and Smooth Muscle
Objectives • Understand the anatomy and functions of the enteric nervous system and its relationship with the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems. • Describe the anatomy and types of contractions of…
Objectives • Understand the anatomy and functions of the enteric nervous system and its relationship with the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems. • Describe the anatomy and types of contractions of…
Objectives • Describe the four major functions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. • Understand the differences between and significance of endocrine, paracrine, and neurocrine agents. • Identify the major GI…
Objectives • Describe the contractions of the orad and caudad regions of the stomach. • Explain the regulation of the contractile activity of the stomach, including the role of slow…
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PART II General Physical Examination A general look at the patient may be extremely useful in defining the cause, associated complications, or assist in the differential diagnosis. In the following…
Applied Medicine Melena or black, tarry, and sticky stools with an offensive odor results from mild-upper GI bleeding. Fresh red blood passed per rectum is called hematochezia. Causes of Hematochezia…
PART I Introduction and History Taking Introduction Patient care begins with the development of a personal relationship between the patient and the physician. In the absence of trust and confidence…
Portal hypertension is a rare problem in pediatrics that can affect multiple organ systems. Prolonged increases in portal pressure can result in life-threatening complications and lead to an array of…