Diseases of the Bladder in Children

Aug 21, 2020 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Diseases of the Bladder in Children

Diseases of the Bladder in Children 9.1 Bladder Exstrophy Cause: Embryologic maldevelopment Epidem: There are 3.3 cases in 100,000 live births ( Tetralogy 1987; 36:221). Male:female ratio: 2.3:1 to 6:1…

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Diseases of the Kidney and Ureter in Children

Aug 21, 2020 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Diseases of the Kidney and Ureter in Children

Diseases of the Kidney and Ureter in Children 8.1 Renal Agenesis Cause: Embryologic anomaly that appears related to developmental anomaly of ureteric bud (Development 1996;122:1919). Generally thought to result from…

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Diseases of the Penis

Aug 21, 2020 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Diseases of the Penis

Diseases of the Penis 7.1 Balanitis and Balanoposthitis Cause: Inflammation of glans penis (balanitis) and prepuce (balanoposthitis). May be bacterial (Pediatr Dermatol 1994;11:168), intertrigo, irritant dermatitis, maceration injury, or candidal…

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Diseases of the Prostate

Aug 21, 2020 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Diseases of the Prostate

Diseases of the Prostate 6.1 Prostatitis Cause: Bacterial and nonbacterial etiologies Epidem: Prostatitis affects up to 50% of men at some point in their lives. Affects men of all ages…

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Diseases of the Testes, Scrotum, and Intrascrotal Contents

Aug 21, 2020 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Diseases of the Testes, Scrotum, and Intrascrotal Contents

Diseases of the Testes, Scrotum, and Intrascrotal Contents 5.1 Epididymitis/Epididymo-Orchitis Cause: Males < 35 yr; condition is usually caused by STDs (Chlamydia, gc, ureaplasma). In older men, gram-neg bacteria more…

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Diseases of the Urethra

Aug 21, 2020 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Diseases of the Urethra

Diseases of the Urethra 4.1 Reiter’s Syndrome Bull Rheum Dis 1987;37:1; Ann Intern Med 1984;100:207; N Engl J Med 1983;309:1606 Cause: Autoimmune Epidem: Most common polyarthritis in men. Sometimes the…

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Diseases of the Bladder

Aug 21, 2020 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Diseases of the Bladder

Diseases of the Bladder 3.1 Bacterial Cystitis See Table 3.1. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 259 3.2 Emphysematous Cystitis See Table 3.1. 3.3 Candidal Urinary Tract Infections See Table…

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Diseases of the Adrenal

Aug 21, 2020 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Diseases of the Adrenal

Diseases of the Adrenal 1.1 Cushing’s Syndrome Am J Fam Phys 2000;62:5; J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:5593; N Engl J Med 1995;332:791 Cause: A condition resulting from long-term exposure to…

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Salvage Therapy for Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer

Aug 18, 2020 by in UROLOGY Comments Off on Salvage Therapy for Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-refractory high-grade non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer remains a challenging problem. Radical cystectomy is standard of care, but carries significant morbidity. Therefore, there is a need for effective treatments. Previous…

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