Fig. 48.1 Example of retroflexion view of anal brim. (a) Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (AIN) 0-IIa grade 2 with immunohistochemical stain for p16 positive favoring an HPV-related pathogenesis. (b) AIN lesion…
Patient risk factors Tobacco use Alcohol use Obesity Age >65 ASA > 3 Malnutrition <3.0 Weight >10 % TBW Disease factors Emergent surgery Steroid or immunomodulator use Malignancy Level of…
Fig. 32.1 Sagittal MRI indentifying tumour and length of endocervical canal, with distance from isthmus Fig. 32.2 Endovaginal coil MRI scan identifying tumour 32.4 Staging The traditional method of staging…
Mature metacompartment Building blocks Primitive metacompartment Developmental domains with fixed topological relations to each other Mature ontogenetic compartments Endopelvis Endoderm Cloaca and allantois Primitive bladder Bladder Splanchnopleuric mesoderm Internal UGS…
Fig. 7.1 Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous fibers of the pelvis (Copyright © 2007; Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg and Moonsoft) Fig. 7.2 Nerves of the pelvis (Copyright: Moonsoft and Stolzenburg (2007)) The Neurovascular…
Fig. 38.1 (a, b) Specimen of anterior exenteration, including the uterus and the bladder These oncologic situations include primary advanced gynecological tumors, but more frequently recurrent pelvic disease, in patients…
Indication LESS procedure Prostate adenocarcinoma Radical prostatectomy TCC bladder Radical cystoprostatectomy BPH Simple prostatectomy (STEP) Reconstruction Bladder diverticulectomy Ureteral reimplantation Vesico-vaginal fistula repair Sacrocolpopexy 19.3 LESS Prostate Surgery Simple Prostatectomy…
Institution/country Authors year Relative contraindication Absolute contraindication Leeds United Kingdom Mirnezami et al. 2010 [26] Distant metastasis Encasement of external iliac vessels Primary stage IV disease Extension of tumor through…
Fig. 11.1 2.5× power-loupes and fiberoptic coaxial headlight and battery Fig. 11.2 Designed self-retractor 11.3 Position The patient is placed in supine position, with the pubis centered over the break…
Fig. 34.1 A External iliac artery region: lymph nodes that are attached to the external iliac artery and vein from the bifurcation till groin; B Obturator region: lymph nodes around…
