Demographics of Kidney Disease
Chapter Outline SEX AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE , 655 Factors Related to Sex Differences, 657 Oral Contraceptives, Hormone Replacement Therapy, and Kidney Disease, 659 Summary, 660 RACE, ETHNICITY, AND CHRONIC…
Risk Factors and Chronic Kidney Disease
Chapter Outline THE NEED TO DEFINE RISK IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE , 669 Definition of a Risk Factor, 670 Epidemiologic Methods for Identifying Risk Factors, 670 RISK FACTORS AND MECHANISMS…
The Renal Circulations and Glomerular Ultrafiltration
Chapter Outline MAJOR ARTERIES AND VEINS, 83 Hydraulic Pressure Profile of the Renal Circulation, 85 TOTAL RENAL BLOOD FLOW , 85 INTRARENAL BLOOD FLOW DISTRIBUTION, 87 Vascular-Tubule Relations, 87 Cortical…
Arachidonic Acid Metabolites and the Kidney
Chapter Outline CELLULAR ORIGIN OF EICOSANOIDS, 355 CYCLO-OXYGENASE PATHWAY, 355 Molecular Biology, 355 Regulation of Cyclo-Oxygenase Gene Expression, 357 Regulation of Cyclo-Oxygenase Expression by Antiinflammatory Steroids, 357 Enzymatic Chemistry, 357…
Disorders of Water Balance
Chapter Outline BODY FLUIDS: COMPARTMENTALIZATION, COMPOSITION, AND TURNOVER, 460 WATER METABOLISM, 462 Vasopressin Synthesis and Secretion, 462 Thirst, 471 Integration of Vasopressin Secretion and Thirst, 472 DISORDERS OF INSUFFICIENT VASOPRESSIN…
Disorders of Acid-Base Balance
Chapter Outline ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS, 512 Buffer Systems, 512 Mechanisms of pH Buffering, 512 Chemical Equilibria of Physicochemical Buffer Systems, 512 Chemical Equilibria for the Carbon Dioxide–Bicarbonate System, 513 Physiologic Advantage…
Disorders of Potassium Balance
Chapter Outline NORMAL POTASSIUM BALANCE, 559 Potassium Transport Mechanisms, 560 Factors Affecting Internal Distribution of Potassium, 562 RENAL POTASSIUM EXCRETION, 563 Potassium Transport in the Distal Nephron, 563 Control of…
Disorders of Sodium Balance
Chapter Outline PHYSIOLOGY, 390 Sodium Balance, 391 Effective Arterial Blood Volume, 393 Regulation of Effective Arterial Blood Volume, 394 SODIUM BALANCE DISORDERS, 421 Hypovolemia, 421 Hypervolemia, 425 SPECIFIC TREATMENTS BASED…
Epidemiology of Kidney Disease
Chapter Outline EPIDEMIOLOGY OF END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE, 638 Incidence, 638 Prevalence, 641 Kidney Transplantation, 642 International Comparisons, 643 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, 643 Prevalence, 645 Incidence, 645 Outcome by…
The Regulation of Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphate Excretion by the Kidney
Chapter Outline CALCIUM TRANSPORT IN THE KIDNEY, 185 Role of Calcium in Cellular Processes, 185 Calcium Present in Serum in Bound and Free Forms, 186 Regulation of Calcium Homeostasis by…
