Abstract The past decade has witnessed important developments in the care of patients with kidney disease. Incidence rates of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have generally stabilized in industrialized countries. In…
Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) results in complex metabolic derangements driven by loss of kidney function and the injured kidney, the systemic response to illness, co-morbid illnesses, and the therapies…
Outline The Alloimmune Response, 555 A. Transplantation Antigens, 555 B. Cellular Events Leading to Allograft Rejection, 558 Tolerance, 567 Summary, 569 When an organ or tissue from one member of…
Abstract: Kidney transplantation in children involves many unique aspects. Surgical techniques are different in small children. Routine childhood immunizations may not be complete before transplantation. Growth is suboptimal in chronic…
Abstract Graft dysfunction is a problematic complication of kidney transplantation. The diagnosis and treatment varies by the time period after transplantation. This chapter reviews the major etiologies of graft dysfunction…
Abstract A significant proportion of prevalent kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) will have decreased kidney function and be at risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related complications, including cardiovascular disease, mineral and…
Abstract Since the first kidney transplant procedure in 1954, evolution in immunosuppression management, surgical practice, and organ preservation has improved transplant outcomes and reduced perioperative morbidity. As a result, kidney…
Abstract The diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) has relied on serum creatinine and urine output, two biomarkers that are insensitive and nonspecific, particularly early in the course of the…
Abstract: This chapter addresses peritoneal dialysis solutions, peritoneal dialysis adequacy, and prescriptions and residual kidney function. Keywords biocompatible, glucose degradation products, glucose polymer solutions, PD adequacy, PD solutions, peritoneal membrane…
Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by sudden (i.e., hours to days) impairment of kidney function. AKI is an increasingly common complication in hospitalized individuals around the world and…
