Pelvic Floor Ultrasonography
Fig. 6.1 Two-dimensional transperineal ultrasonography. Midsagittal view of normal female pelvic floor, including the symphysis pubis, the urethra and bladder, the vagina and uterus, the rectum, and the anal canal….
Imaging of Pelvic Floor Disorders
Fig. 4.1 Colpocystodefecography in the resting phase. The anorectal junction, the vaginal fornices, and the bladder neck lie over the pubococcygeal line (dashed line). The anorectal angle measures 93° During…
Transperineal Rectocele Correction
Symptom Prevalence (%) Obstructed defecation 75–100 Manual assistance of defecation 20–75 Rectal pain 12–70 Rectal bleeding 20–60 Incontinence 10–30 Rectocele can be classified according to its position: low, middle, or…
Delorme’s Procedure
Fig. 15.1 Complete mucus membrane cylinder at the end of the dissection. (Reproduced from [9], with permission) Fig. 15.2 Rectal muscle plication and mucosal section. (Reproduced from [9], with permission)…
Biofeedback Training and Physiokinetic Therapy
Fig. 13.1 Algorithm of multimodal rehabilitation. CRST, conscious rectal sensitivity threshold; MVC, maximal voluntary contraction [4] Each rehabilitative technique is chosen according to a specific manometric sign, and the techniques…
Laparoscopic Ventral Rectocolpopexy for Rectal Prolapse Syndromes: Restoration of Anatomy and Improvement of Function
Fig. 21.1 The ventral position of the mesh allows correction of rectorectal intussusception, reinforcement of the rectovaginal septum and performance of a colpopexy. Closure of the peritoneum above the mesh…
Biofeedback and Pelvic Floor Disorders
Fig. 12.1 Anatomy of anal sphincters and puborectalis muscle. Red puborectalis muscle, yellow external sphincter deep portion, pale yellow external sphincter superficial portion, orange internal sphincter Fig. 12.2 Anatomy of…
Complications of Surgery: Prevention and Management
Fig. 23.1 The position of a quadripolar electrode in the third sacral foramen and the anatomical structures around it Fig. 23.2 An implanted tined lead broken during the removal procedure…
Synthetic and Biological Meshes for Pelvic Floor Disorders
Autologous grafts: Fascia lata Rectus fascia Allografts: Human cadaveric dermis: AlloDerm (LifeCell Corporation, Branchburg, New Jersey, USA) FlexHD (Ethicon, Cornelia, Georgia, USA) Cadaveric fascia lata: Suspend Tutoplast (Mentor Corporation, Santa…
Surgical Treatment of Recurrent Rectal Prolapse
Fig. 24.1 Full-thickness rectal prolapse. (Courtesy of Justin A Maykel) Despite the myriad of choices for repair, recurrence rates can be as high as 47% for some of the procedures…
