The hepatitis B-positive patient
Chapter 36 THE HEPATITIS B-POSITIVE PATIENT KEY POINTS • Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is common, affecting approximately 3.5 million people worldwide. • There are three antigens and each…
Obesity surgery
Chapter 27 OBESITY SURGERY KEY POINTS • Morbid obesity is increasingly prevalent in all developed and developing countries. • Bariatric (weight-loss) surgery is the only treatment shown to cause measurable…
Cholestasis and jaundice
Chapter 32 CHOLESTASIS AND JAUNDICE KEY POINTS • Biliary, hepatocellular and systemic conditions may all cause cholestasis and jaundice. • Elevated bilirubin and cholestatic enzymes (ALP and GGT) suggest a…
Pregnancy and liver disease
Chapter 48 PREGNANCY AND LIVER DISEASE KEY POINTS • During pregnancy expect a 10%–60% drop in serum albumin and a 2–4-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase. • The transaminases and clotting…
End-stage liver disease
Chapter 46 END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE KEY POINTS • End-stage liver disease is a complication of cirrhosis that is due to a variety of aetiologies, including chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver…
A family history of liver disease
Chapter 42 A FAMILY HISTORY OF LIVER DISEASE SUMMARY • The current status in the understanding of genetic and environmental factors in selected hepatobiliary diseases is discussed. • These include…
Nutrition in patients with liver disease
Chapter 45 NUTRITION IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER DISEASE KEY POINTS • Malnutrition is prevalent among patients with liver disease. • Malnutrition is associated with higher risk of developing complications of…
Medical problems after liver transplantation
Chapter 49 MEDICAL PROBLEMS AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION KEY POINTS • Common medical problems after liver transplantation include acute rejection, infections, side effects of immunosuppressive medications, vascular and biliary complications and…
Drugs and liver disease
Chapter 41 DRUGS AND LIVER DISEASE KEY POINTS • Drugs have become the leading cause of acute liver failure in Western countries. • The liver plays a central role in…
Acute liver failure
Chapter 47 ACUTE LIVER FAILURE KEY POINTS • Acute liver failure (ALF) is defined as the rapid development of coagulopathy and mental status changes in a patient with deteriorating liver…
