Colonic and Rectal Endosonography
Tumor stage/location Treatment option Polyploid T1m cancer Snare polypectomy Sessile T1m cancer EMR or ESD TAEX T1sm ESD or TAEX T2, no LAR T2, no/low RT-capecitabine followed by LAR T2,…
Surgical Anatomy of the Colon, Rectum, and Anus
Fig. 2.1 During the sixth week in utero the midgut herniates out of the abdominal wall and rotates 90° counterclockwise. By the tenth week the midgut rotates an additional 180°…
Diagnostic Algorithm for Constipation and Obstructed Defecation
Antidiarrheal agents Antiparkinson drugs Antiepileptics Antispasmodics Antihistamines Calcium channel blockers Antidepressants Diuretics Antipsychotics Sympathomimetics Antiacids with aluminum or calcium NSAIDs Table 24.2 Condition associated to constipation (Diamant et al. 1999)…
Physiology of the Colon
Fig. 5.1 (a, b) Representative manometric tracings of colonic segmental contractions. The arrows show the presence of regular (about 3 cycles per minute) contractile activity in the sigmoid colon (a)…
Factors Affecting the Intestinal Physiology
Analgesics Bile acid sequestrants Antacids (aluminum, calcium) Calcium-channel blockers Antiarrhythmics Chemotherapy agents Anticholinergic agents Diuretics (potassium wasting) Anticonvulsants Iron supplements Antihistamines Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents Antihypertensives Opioids Anti-Parkinson Agents Tricyclic antidepressants…
Specifics and Pitfalls in Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Sign or symptom Rectal bleeding Very common (90 %) Uncommon (occult, 50 %) Diarrhea Early; frequent, small stools Less distressing Abdominal pain Predefecation urgency Colicky,…
Anorectal Manometry
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Carlo Ratto, Angelo Parello, Lorenza Donisi and Francesco Litta (eds.)Colon, Rectum and Anus: Anatomic, Physiologic and Diagnostic Bases for Disease ManagementColoproctology110.1007/978-3-319-09807-4_23 19. Anorectal Manometry Filippo Pucciani1 (1) Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine,…
Diagnosis in Coloproctology: From the General Practitioner to the Tertiary Referral Center
Bleeding Anal/perianal pain Itching Perianal mass Prolaps Constipation Diarrhea Soiling Fecal incontinence Rectal tenesmus Fever Abdominal pain Abdominal mass External hemorrhoids − ++ (if complicated) + ++ (if complicated)…
Signs and Symptoms in Coloproctology: Data Collection and Scores
A B C D Continent to solid and liquid stool and flatus Continent to solid and liquid stool but not to flatus Continent to solid but not to liquid stool…
Patient’s History Data Collection in Coloproctology
Let the patient tell her story Open questions Keep it simple Keep an open mind Reconsider tentative diagnosis 2 Structured History Taking History taking in coloproctology requires a systematic approach….
