Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Laboratory TLS: two or more of (within − 3 to + 7 days relative to treatment) Clinical symptoms (any of) Clinical I Clinical II Clinical III Clinical IV Uric acid >8 mg/dL (476 µmol/L)…
NEPHROLOGY
Glomerular Diseases Seen with Solid Tumors and Hematological Malignancies
Fig. 3.1 Membranous Nephropathy (original magnification ×600, trichrome stain). Glomerulus displaying membranous features with fuchsinophilic subepithelial deposits. (Source: Jhaveri KD, Shah HH, Calderon K, Campenot ES, Radhakrishnan J. Glomerular diseases seen…
Electrolyte Disorders in Cancer Patients
Fig. 7.1 The principal participants in normal bone remodelling include three cell types (bone marrow stromal cells, osteoblasts [OB], and osteoclasts [OC]) and three proteins (receptor activator of nuclear factor…
Rational Dosing of Chemotherapy in Patients with Kidney Failure
Drug CrCl 60–46 mL/min CrCl 45–30 mL/min CrCl 29–10 mL/min Dialysis Nephrotoxicity presentation/comments Arsenic trioxide No adjustment needed No adjustment needed Drug exposure may be higher, monitor for toxicity, and lower doses may…
Cancer, Palliative Care and Acute Kidney Injury: The Hard Decisions of Offering or Not Offering Dialysis
Invitation to assess readiness to have conversation: “Can we talk about how things have been going with your kidney disease?” Using open-ended “big-picture” questions to assess care goals and preferences:…
Cancer in the Kidney Transplant Recipient
Cancer type SIR Observed incidence/100,000 person-years Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 7.54 194 Lung 1.97 173 Liver 11.56 120 Kidney 4.65 97 Colorectum 1.24 80.9 Melanoma 2.38 49.2 Thyroid 2.95 30.7 Urinary bladder…
Radiation Nephropathy
Fig. 12.1 Thrombotic microangiopathy. The figure showing changes of TMA (a hematoxylin and eosin stain, b periodic acid-Schiff stain) with peripheral capillary wall thickening and focal glomerular basement membrane duplication….
Biological Cancer Therapies and the Kidney
Class Examples Kidney toxicity Antiangiogenic therapy Bevacizumab, sunitinib, sorafenib, pazopanib, everolimus Hypertension, proteinuria, TMA, AKI EGFR inhibitors Cetuximab, erlotinib, gefitinib, lapatinib, panitumumab Hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia Multifunctional TKIs Imatinib, dasatinib, ponatinib, bosutinib…
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Cancer Patients
Stage GFR (mL/min/1.73m2) Description 1 90+ Normal kidney function but urine or structural abnormalities 2 60–89 Mildly reduced kidney function 3a 45–59 Moderately reduced kidney function 3b 30–44 4 15–29…
Renal Cell Carcinoma and Chronic Kidney Disease
Fig. 10.1 Bidirectional interactions between CKD and RCC For those patients with mild CKD or no evidence of CKD prior to the diagnosis of RCC, the surgical procedure will have…
