Outline Introduction 275 Molecular Mechanisms of Stem Cell Exhaustion 277 Reactive Oxygen Species 277 Proinflammatory Cytokines 277 Proatherogenic Risk Factors 278 mTOR–Wnt Pathway 278 Adrenergic and GABA Receptor Stimulation 278…

Outline Introduction 299 Do Adult Bone Marrow-derived Stem Cells Participate in Kidney Repair? 300 Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy Contributes to Renal Repair 300 Mesenchymal Stem Cells 300 Functional…

Outline Introduction 289 Aging of the Kidney 289 Aging of Parenchymal and Stromal Compartments 290 Aging of the Renal Vasculature 290 Cellular Basis of Tissue Aging 291 Cellular Senescence 291…

Outline Introduction 245 Design Criteria for Creating a Bioartificial Niche 245 Chemistry of Bioartificial Niches 246 Fabrication Techniques 246 Chemical Cross-linking 248 Photo-cross-linking 248 Sol-gel Synthesis 248 Cryogelation 248 Spinning…

Outline Introduction 203 Mechanisms of Kidney Development 204 Animal Cap in Fertilized Eggs of Amphibians 205 Embryonic Stem Cells 206 Creation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells 206 Cells and Animals…

Outline Introduction 233 Stem Cells in the Adult Kidney 233 Ontogenesis of the Renal Stem Cell Niche 235 The Adult Renal Stem Cell Niche 236 The Renal Niche in Aging…

Outline What is the Side Population? 173 Role of ABC Transporters: Markers or Mediators of Stem Cells 173 Existence of Side Population from Other Organs and their Association with Organ…

Outline Introduction 189 Developmental Overview on Stem Cell Compartment 191 Deposition of Developmentally Early Stem Cells in Adult Tissues 191 Isolation of Very Small Embryonic-like Stem Cells 192 Regeneration Potential…

Outline Introduction 38 Genetic Modification In Vivo 38 Transgenic Expression 38 Manipulation of the Mouse Embryo 38 Pitfalls in Transgenic Mice and the Development of the Gene Trap ROSA26 Locus…