Urinalysis
1. What is uroscopy? Uroscopy comes from the word “uroscopia,” meaning scientific examination of the urine. It is derived from the Greek words ouron meaning urine and skopeo meaning to…
NEPHROLOGY
Kidney imaging techniques
1. List the most commonly used imaging modalities for the kidneys. • Radiography (plain film, excretory urography [EU], retrograde pyelography, cystography) • Ultrasonography (US) • Computed tomography (CT) scan •…
History and physical diagnosis
1. How do patients with kidney disease typically present? Patients with kidney disease typically present in several ways: • Abnormal blood laboratory studies (e.g., elevated blood urea nitrogen [BUN] and…
Stem Cell Banking
Outline Introduction 409 Basic Principles of Cell Banking 410 Donation 410 Collection 411 Processing 411 Cell Suspension 412 Cell Selection 413 Cryopreservation 415 Storage 417 Selection of Cells for Transplantation…
Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury with Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Preclinical and Initial Clinical Data
Outline Acute Kidney Injury: Clinical and Experimental Issues 316 Clinical Acute Kidney Injury 316 Treatment Resistance of Clinical Acute Kidney Injury 317 Experimental Models of Acute Kidney Injury 317 Design…
Tissue Engineering in Urology
Outline Introduction 389 Basic Components of Tissue Engineering 390 Cells 390 Native Cells 390 Embryonic Stem Cells 390 Therapeutic Cloning (Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer) 391 Reprogrammed Somatic Cells 391 Placental…
Potential Risks of Stem Cell Therapies
Outline Introduction 361 Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells 362 Characteristics of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells 363 Technical Caveats in Stem Cell Preparation and Administration 364 Standardization of Stem Cell Methodology…
Ethics in Regenerative Medicine
Outline Introduction 401 Alternative Methods 403 Adult Stem Cells 403 Multipotent Stem Cells from Extraembryonic Tissues 404 Umbilical Cord as Stem Cell Source 404 Placenta, Amnion and Amniotic Fluid as…
Clinical Trials in Renal Regenerative Medicine
Outline Introduction 341 Clinical Trials of Regenerative Medicine in Other Disciplines 342 Therapeutic Neovascularization in Cardiovascular Medicine 342 Hepatic Regeneration 345 Clinical Trials on Renal Regeneration 346 Future Perspectives in…
Imaging of Transplanted and Native Stem Cells
Outline Introduction 257 Methodologies for Labeling Stem Cells 258 Imaging Modalities 258 Histology 258 Direct Labeling 258 Indirect Labeling 258 Optical Imaging 260 Direct Labeling 260 Indirect Labeling 260 Application…
