Introduction The successful clinical introduction of intestinal and multivisceral transplantation in the 1990s fueled a great interest in the management of patients with short gut syndrome (SGS) and gastrointestinal failure….

Introduction Surgical resection is the primary curative treatment for patients with localized colorectal cancer. The most accurate prognostic indicator of colon cancer is its stage at diagnosis, and in patients…

Introduction Mesenteric ischemia can be either acute or chronic. The acute variant is a life-threatening disease of sudden onset and has several distinctly different causes. Most patients who are diagnosed…

Introduction Reoperative pelvic surgery is one of the most difficult challenges a colon and rectal surgeon can face. Anatomic, postsurgical, and disease-specific factors combine to present unique challenges with significant…

Definition Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) derive from neuroendocrine cells (also called enterochromaffin cells or enterochromaffin-like cells) of the endoderm of the fore-, mid-, and hindgut. These cells are diffusely distributed in…

Acknowledgment We gratefully acknowledge Maureen E. Rombeau, MA, for editorial assistance. Introduction Surgeons are justifiably proud of their seminal contributions to nutritional care of the hospitalized patient. These contributions include…

Background Radiation was first used as a treatment modality for breast cancer in 1896, and a year later Dr. David Walsh, a physician at the Western Skin Hospital, London, described…

Introduction Crohn disease is described according to age of onset, disease location, and disease behavior. The disease location usually remains constant throughout a patient’s lifetime and is categorized as disease…