Chapter 4 – Acute Liver Failure in Children
Abstract Pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is not a single diagnosis. Rather, PALF is a complex, rapidly progressive clinical syndrome that is the final common pathway for many disparate conditions;…
GASTROENTEROLOGY
Chapter 3 – Mechanisms of Bile Formation and the Pathogenesis of Cholestasis
Abstract Bile formation and flow is an essential physiological function. Adequate bile flow is necessary for innumerable daily functions including digestion, metabolism, growth, development, toxin elimination and adaptation to liver…
Chapter 2 – Functional Development of the Liver
Abstract The liver attains its highest relative size at about 10% of fetal weight at the ninth week of gestation. Early in gestation the liver is the primary site for…
Chapter 1 – Liver Development
Abstract The essential liver endocrine and exocrine functions require a precise spatial arrangement of the repeated hepatic lobule consisting of the central vein, portal vein, hepatic artery, intrahepatic bile duct…
Resources for the gastroparesis patient
Introduction Gastroparesis, also called delayed gastric emptying, is a chronic digestive condition where the stomach fails to properly empty, causing sometimes debilitating symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, pain, and distention/bloating, which…
Cell transplantation for gastroparesis
Introduction Normal gastric motor function requires coordinated interaction between the central nervous system (CNS), the enteric nervous system (ENS), interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Gastroparesis…
Female predominance in gastroparesis
Key points • Epidemiological studies show that the incidence of gastroparesis in women is four times higher than men. • Female sex hormones fluctuate during different hormonal stages including the…
A vision of the future for gastroparesis
Introduction In gastroparesis, there is abnormal function of extrinsic vagal innervation, smooth muscle, enteric nervous system, or pacemakers in the stomach wall, specifically, the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) or…
Endoscopic full-thickness gastric biopsy: Ready for prime time?
Abbreviations EFTB endoscopicfull-thickness biopsy EMR endoscopic mucosal resection FTRD full-thickness resection device ICC interstitial cells of Cajal MP muscularis propria OTSC over-the-scope-clip Introduction Gastroparesis is a syndrome of delayed gastric…
Distinguishing between functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis: Does it matter?
Case study HM is a 34 year old woman sent for a third opinion in gastroenterology. Her symptoms include near daily nausea, epigastric fullness, early satiety and bloating. Symptoms started…
