Regulations and requirements for telehealth provision
Introduction At the time of writing, a unique set of circumstances exist in the United States and elsewhere whereby the barriers to practice telehealth are minimal. In fact, if a…
Surgery of the spermatic cord
Surgical anatomy of the spermatic cord Running inside the inguinal canal towards the testicle, the spermatic cord contains the following structures: vas deferens, testicular artery, testicular veins, cremasteric artery, deferential…
Robotic applications for infertility surgeries
Introduction The concept of robots mechanically assisting humans with tasks has been a longstanding aspiration in society. Although this desire has been one of great interest in many diverse fields,…
Laparoscopic orchiopexy
In the era of minimally invasive surgery, there is a growing amount of evidence and support for the role of laparoscopy in the management of cryptorchidism. There has been a…
Robotic-assisted laparoscopic continent catheterizable channels and augmentation enterocystoplasty
Introduction Pediatric patients with neurogenic bladders frequently require procedures to increase their bladder capacity and provide channels for long-term catheterization. Augmentation enterocystoplasty in combination with a Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy or a…
Endoscopic subcutaneous modified inguinal lymph node dissection for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis
The presence and extent of metastatic disease to the lymph nodes are the most important prognostic indicators of survival in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis and have…
Robotic-assisted radical cystectomy
Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy and urinary diversion is the standard of care for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer and for those with high-grade, nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer refractory to intravesical…
Laparoscopic and robotic urinary diversion
Introduction The minimally invasive approach to urinary diversion has increased in popularity over the past decade. Earlier, the laparoscopic approach was criticized because of its steep learning curve, prolonged operative…
Robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial cystectomy and bladder diverticulectomy
Introduction Partial cystectomy Partial cystectomy has been used in the extirpative management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer since the mid-20th century. However, poor disease-free and disease-specific survival have largely precluded its…
Perineal robotic radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection
Introduction Perineal radical prostatectomy (PRP) is not a novel concept, and it has been over a century since its first description by Young. Young reported a case series including 10…
