Fig. 14.1 Anatomy of the extrahepatic biliary tree with typical transverse ultrasonographic planes through the portal pedicle. The right hepatic artery (RHA) usually runs behind the common hepatic duct (CHD),…
Stage Definition Tis Carcinoma in situ T1 Tumor invades submucosa T2 Tumor invades muscularis propria T3 Tumor invades through muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues T4a Tumor penetrates to surface of…
Fig. 2.1 Behavior of mechanical waves. Longitudinal waves oscillate parallel to the direction of propagation; transverse waves oscillate perpendicular to the direction of propagation Frequency is the number of times…
Fig. 5.1 Simple hepatic cyst seen on curvilinear 2.5 MHz transcutaneous transducer. There are 3 observations to be gleaned from this image. (i) Optimization of gray scale with liver parenchyma…
Fig. 20.1 Scanning of a transabdominal ultrasound phantom (Courtesy of Kyoto Kagaku Co., Ltd., Kyoko Japan) Fig. 20.2 Intraoperative/laparoscopic ultrasound phantom (Courtesy of Kyoto Kagaku Co., Ltd., Kyoko Japan) Fig….
Goal: to detect and rule out fluid collection in pericardial space and intra-abdominal cavity Transducer: 2.5–5.0 MHz sector- or convex-type transducer Image mode: regular abdomen image mode Timing of study:…
Fig. 10.1 Setting-up staging laparoscopy. The laparoscopic monitor is placed beyond the patient in the direction the surgeon is working (a). The laparoscopic ultrasound machine is placed to the left…
Fig. 13.1 The operating room monitor is configured to show the sonographic and laparoscopic images simultaneously in a “picture-in-picture” view LUS Technique Initial Dissection Although some authors have described the…
Fig. 11.1 Shown here is a linear tip echoendoscope. This type of tip creates a sagittal view Fig. 11.2 Shown here is a radial tip echoendoscope with the balloon inflated….
Fig. 3.1 (a) Diagram showing the structural parts of an ultrasound probe. (b) Figure showing various types of ultrasound probes Piezoelectric materials Backing material Transducer housing Matching layer Piezoelectric Materials…
