of Chronic Kidney Disease
Fig. 2.1 Schematic presentation for cellular events involved in the progression of chronic kidney disease 2.2 Glomerulosclerosis Each normal glomerulus is a tuft of small blood vessels called capillaries situated…
in Chronic Kidney Disease
Fig. 10.1 Flowchart for the evaluation of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. TIBC total iron-binding capacity; TSAT transferrin saturation; SF serum ferritin; ESA erythropoiesis-stimulating agent Key Messages KDIGO…
Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease
Traditional risk factors Nontraditional risk factors Hemodynamic factors Metabolic factors Old age Volume overload Proteinuria Male sex Anemia Chronic inflammatory state Menopause Arteriovenous fistula Malnutrition Smoking habit Arteriosclerosis Disorders of…
Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
Tubuli and interstitium Nephrotoxins • Contrast • Medications • Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis • Myeloma Allergic reaction • NSAID • Antibiotics • Proton pump inhibitors • 5-ASA Ischemia Sepsis Local infection Tumor lysis syndrome Glomerulus Inflammatory systemic disease involving kidney…
in Chronic Kidney Disease
Classification of aspects Aspects of management Medications • Selection and adjustment of immunosuppressant and other medications for CKD (Table 5.2) • Low-molecular-weight heparin, which is recommended to prevent thrombosis in patients with…
Kidney Disease: Overview
• Albuminuria (AER ≥30 mg/24 h; ACR ≥30 mg/g [≥3 mg/mmol]) • Urinary sediment abnormality • Electrolyte and other abnormalities due to tubular disorders • Abnormalities detected by histology • Structural abnormalities detected by imaging • History of kidney transplantation…
Disorders: General Considerations and Evaluation
(1) Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chief, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA KeywordsHenderson equationAnion gapSecondary physiologic responseMetabolic acidosisMetabolic alkalosisAcute respiratory…
Acid–Base Chemistry and Physiology
(1) Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chief, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA KeywordsEndogenous acidsEndogenous basesBuffersProximal tubuleHenleʼs loopDistal tubeCollecting duct As…
to Assess Acid–Base Disorders
(1) Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chief, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA KeywordsPhysiologic methodAnion gapBase excess methodPhysicochemical methodpCO2 SID Acid–base…
