Equipment and Approach

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on Equipment and Approach

Fig. 22.1 Radial echoendoscope Radial echoendoscopes can be subdivided into two types: mechanical and electronic (Table 22.1). The mechanical echoendoscope is the predecessor of the electronic technology and currently Olympus is…

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Biliary Stones

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on Biliary Stones

Fig. 5.1 a. ERCP with a smooth eccentric narrowing ( arrows) in the distal biliary tree without evidence of a mobile filling defect or a distinct stone. b. Stent is…

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Choledochal Cysts: Evaluation and Management

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on Choledochal Cysts: Evaluation and Management

Fig. 10.1 ERCP cholangiogram revealing a variant of a type I choledochal cyst, with cystic dilation of the proximal extrahepatic biliary tree just below the bifurcation. ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography…

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ERCP in Chronic Pancreatitis

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on ERCP in Chronic Pancreatitis

Fig. 13.1 Pre-ESWL plain abdominal x-ray image showing multiple small to large stones along the pancreatic duct in the head and body region Fig. 13.2 MRCP showing diffusely dilated pancreatic…

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Acute Biliary Pancreatitis: Image, Intervene, or Observe?

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on Acute Biliary Pancreatitis: Image, Intervene, or Observe?

Fig. 11.1 Transabdominal ultrasound showing hyperechoic structure with postacoustic shadowing representing cholelithiasis Questions: 1. Which of the aforementioned liver function test abnormalities are most important for medical decision making for…

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Ampullectomy

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on Ampullectomy

Score (points) 1 2 3 No. of polyps 1–4 5–20 > 20 Size (mm) 1–4 5–10 > 10 Histology Tubular Tubulovillous Villous Dysplasia Mild Moderate Severe Stage 0: 0 point, Stage I:…

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Biliary Infections

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on Biliary Infections

Fig. 6.1 Transabdominal ultrasound revealing a large (128 × 103 mm) cystic lesion in right lobe of liver with internal echoes How Is Cholangitis Diagnosed? Etiologies of Cholangitis Biliary stones are…

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Training in Endoscopic Ultrasound

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on Training in Endoscopic Ultrasound

Site/Lesion Number of cases required Mucosal tumors (cancers of the esophagus, stomach, and rectum) 75 Subepithelial abnormalities 40 Pancreaticobiliary 75 EUS-FNA 50 (includes 25 pancreatic FNA) Non-pancreatic FNA 25 Pancreatic…

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Training in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on Training in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Grade of difficulty Biliary procedures Pancreatic procedures Grade 1 Diagnostic cholangiogram Diagnostic pancreatogram  Biliary cytology Pancreatic cytology  Standard sphincterotomy with removal of stones < 10 mm   Stricture dilation, stent or nasobiliary drain…

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EUS-FNA of Mediastinal Masses

May 30, 2017 by in GASTROENTEROLOGY Comments Off on EUS-FNA of Mediastinal Masses

Fig. 3.1 Substernal goiter. Sheets of bland-appearing follicular epithelial cells and colloid (a). Focal oxyphilic change is also present (b). (DiffQuik stain, high magnification) Thymoma Thymoma is a neoplasm of…

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