Authors (year) Number of patients enrolled Confirmatory test Location of stenosis Sensitivity (%) Specificity (%) Asif et al. [3] (2007) 142 Angiography Inflow 85 71 Outflow 92 86 Campos et…
Fig. 31.1 Physical exam findings of chest collaterals in a patient with complete bilateral central venous occlusion. Note the numerous central venous catheter scars on the chest wall Access will…
Fig. 30.1 Basic anatomy of the thoracic outlet. The axillosubclavian vein passes anteriorly, passing by the junction of the first rib and clavicle. This “space” is open superiorly, but the…
Fig. 1.1 The first hemodialysis machine used in the United States: the rotating drum artificial kidney. Top panel: the original Kolff rotating drum dialyzer (Image courtesy of Northwest Kidney Centers,…
Fig. 22.1 Laptop-sized portable ultrasound units with high-quality imaging facilitate point-of-care applications. Clockwise from top left: Terason uSmart 3300, Siemens Acuson X300, Sonosite S Nerve and M-Turbo, Mindray HUC5-3D, and…
Fig. 15.1 An approximately 3-cm longitudinal incision is made between the cephalic vein and the radial artery proximal to the skin crease at the wrist to create a radiocephalic autogenous…
Fig. 43.1 Fixed ceiling mounted Philips system with table and setup to perform a fistulagram. Radiation protection is provided via transparent shield in front of image intensifier and via lead…
Fig. 25.1 Recommended supplies for the liposuction superficialization procedure The procedure begins with ultrasound visualization of the AVF, and an indelible marker is used to mark its course (Fig. 25.2)….
Fig. 14.1 Central occlusion. This right upper extremity venogram shows an occlusion of the right subclavian vein. (A) This is likely related to previous placement of a temporary hemodialysis catheter…
Fig. 11.1 A suggested algorithm for individualized approach regarding the most appropriate dialysis access for each patient. The four clinical factors used to make the decision are the initiation of…
