Preoperative and Postoperative Care of the Liver Patient
1 Point 2 Points 3 Points Bilirubin (mg/dL) <2 2–3 >3 Albumin (g/dL) >3.5 2.8–3.5 <2.8 PT prolong (sec) <4 4–6 >6 Ascites None Easily controlled Poorly controlled Encephalopathy…
Do I Need a Liver Biopsy?
Benign Cysts (e.g., simple cyst, biliary cyst, ciliated foregut cyst, hydatid disease) Adenoma (e.g., hepatic adenoma, biliary adenoma, biliary cyst adenoma) Biliary hamartoma Focal nodular hyperplasia Hemangioma Rare primary liver…
Hepatorenal Syndrome
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Kia Saeian and Reza Shaker (eds.)Liver Disordershttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30103-7_32 32. Hepatorenal Syndrome Michael M. Yeboah1 (1) Division of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA Michael M. Yeboah Email: mmyeboah@mcw.edu KeywordsHepatorenal syndromeKidney failureCirrhosisLiver…
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Kia Saeian and Reza Shaker (eds.)Liver Disordershttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30103-7_31 31. Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) Adam J. Schiro1 (1) Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave,…
Ascites
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Kia Saeian and Reza Shaker (eds.)Liver Disordershttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30103-7_30 30. Ascites Adam J. Schiro1 (1) Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA…
Portosystemic Encephalopathy
Type Grade Time course Spontaneous or precipitated A MHE Covert Episodic Spontaneous 1 B 2 Overt Recurrent Precipitated C 3 4 Persistent What Are the Symptoms of Hepatic Encephalopathy? Patient-Level…
Malignant Liver Lesions
Fig. 6.1 Relative frequency of primary liver masses. Adapted from: Goodman ZD. Neoplasms of the liver. Mod Pathol 2007 Feb;20 Suppl 1:S49–60 Table 6.1 Annual incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in…
Portal Hypertension
Fig. 27.1 Imbalance of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators in cirrhosis The second contributing factor to portal hypertension results from increased portal-collateral blood flow. The hyperdynamic circulatory state in cirrhosis was first…
Metabolic and Genetic Liver Diseases: Porphyrias
Type Enzyme Clinical features 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase porphyria 5-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase Rare, primarily neurological symptoms, no photosensitivity [2] Acute intermittent porphyria Porphobilinogen deaminase The most common acute form of porphyria….
Metabolic and Genetic Liver Diseases: Urea Cycle Defects
Enzyme Typical clinical features Ornithine transcarbamylase Severe encephalopathy with onset at between 24 and 48 h of life in male homozygotes. Mild recurrent encephalopathy after protein-rich meals in female heterozygotes….
