Circulating inflammatory cytokines Medications, particularly glucocorticoids Malnutrition Resting energy expenditure Height, weight, and pubertal status Gender Physical activity Body composition studies have often been limited by the large proportion of…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Petar Mamula, Andrew B. Grossman, Robert N. Baldassano, Judith R. Kelsen and Jonathan E. Markowitz (eds.)Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease10.1007/978-3-319-49215-5_26 26. Antibiotic Therapy Lindsey Albenberg1, 2 , Howard Kader3 and Adam Paul4 (1) Perelman School of Medicine, The…
Fig. 19.1 Fecal calprotectin (Taken from Vogl et al. [5]) Tertiary and quaternary structures of S100A8 and S100A9 proteins presented by ribbon diagrams: (a) S100A8 homodimer; individual subunits are shown…
Test Findings Significance Complete blood count and differential Anemia (microcytic, macrocytic, normocytic), thrombocytosis, leukocytosis Anemia: Assess severity of blood loss, evaluate for iron and other macronutrient deficiencies. Reported prevalence 16–77%…
Laboratory test Organism suggested or identified Microscopic stool examination Fecal leukocytes Invasive or cytotoxin-producing bacteria Trophozoïtes, cysts, oocysts, or spores Giardia lamblia, Entameoba histolytica, Schistosoma mansoni Spiral or S-shaped Gram-negative…
Hormone Stage/age Male Female Dehydroepiandrosterone Tanner I <89 <46 Sulfate (DHAS) (mcg/dl) Tanner II <81 15–113 Tanner III 22–126 42–162 Tanner IV 33–117 42–241 Tanner V 110–510 45–320 Luteinizing hormone…
Fig. 1.1 Associations of the IL12/IL23- and IL27-regulating genes with IBD in keeping with the TH1 and TH2/TH17 theory (Wang et al. [96]). Only the main proteins in these pathways…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Petar Mamula, Andrew B. Grossman, Robert N. Baldassano, Judith R. Kelsen and Jonathan E. Markowitz (eds.)Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease10.1007/978-3-319-49215-5_4 4. The Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Máire A. Conrad1 , Gary D. Wu2 and Judith R. Kelsen1 (1) Division…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Petar Mamula, Andrew B. Grossman, Robert N. Baldassano, Judith R. Kelsen and Jonathan E. Markowitz (eds.)Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease10.1007/978-3-319-49215-5_9 9. Natural History of Pediatric Indeterminate Colitis Melissa A. Fernandes1, Sofia Verstraete1 and Melvin B. Heyman1, 2 (1) Department…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Petar Mamula, Andrew B. Grossman, Robert N. Baldassano, Judith R. Kelsen and Jonathan E. Markowitz (eds.)Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease10.1007/978-3-319-49215-5_3 3. Cytokines and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Edwin F. de Zoeten1 and Ivan J. Fuss2 (1) Childrens Hospital Colorado, Digestive…
