Enteric Parasites
Enteric parasites are important agents of disease throughout the world. Although the frequency and severity of parasitic diseases are most extreme in the developing world, changes in worldwide travel, immigration,…
Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is defined as repetitive or continuous symptoms and signs of bowel obstruction in the absence of a fixed, lumen-occluding lesion. CIPO is a result of the…
Infectious Diarrhea
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Infection, diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years of age worldwide. It is also…
Short Bowel Syndrome
Definition Short bowel syndrome (SBS) refers to the sum of functional impairments that result from a critical reduction in intestinal length. In the absence of therapy, features of SBS include…
Celiac Disease
Definition Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated systemic disorder elicited by the ingestion of wheat gliadin and related prolamins in genetically susceptible individuals, characterized by a variable combination of gluten-dependent…
Protracted Diarrhea
The intestine is a complex organ system with the unique ability to digest and absorb food while also coordinating complicated motility and hosting a distinctive immune system. When abnormalities occur…
Allergic and Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease
Overview Gastrointestinal disorders involving an accumulation of eosinophils include a variety of conditions such as classic immunoglobulin E (IgE)–mediated food allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, gastroesophageal reflux, and the primary eosinophilic…
Protein-Losing Enteropathy
Definition Protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) is an uncommon syndrome characterized by excessive gastrointestinal protein loss and results from a wide variety of abnormalities ( Box 33-1 ). It leads mainly to…
Helicobacter pyloriin Childhood
Three decades ago, pediatric gastritis and peptic ulcer disease lacked a putative microbial causative agent. Pediatric flexible upper endoscopy was becoming more available. In 1983, Warren and Marshall proposed that…
Maldigestion and Malabsorption
Many of the common digestive signs and symptoms of pediatrics, including diarrhea and weight loss, are the result of disruption of either nutrient digestion or absorption. As such, maldigestion and…
