The Nonneoplastic Esophagus Esophageal Development The esophagus develops from the cranial part of the primitive foregut, becoming recognizable at the 2.5-mm stage of development (approximately the third gestational week) as…
Changes Occurring in Intestinal Transplants Total intestinal transplantation is used to correct the short gut syndrome. Pediatric candidates for intestinal transplantation are those who undergo extensive intestinal resections for gastroschisis,…
Benign Lesions Presenting Clinically as Masses Various polyp types occur in the small intestine including lesions normally thought of as polyps, such as adenomas or Peutz-Jeghers polyps, as well as…
Pneumatosis Intestinalis Two forms of this relatively rare condition affect the intestines. The most common form affects patients with obstructive pulmonary disease and results from air dissection through the spaces…
Miscellaneous Lesions Duodenal pseudolipomatosis histologically resembles pseudolipomatosis in the colon and stomach. Numerous clear, rounded, PAS-negative, variably sized vacuoles are present in the lamina propria. These vacuoles can cause expansion…
MÜllerian Lesions Müllerian lesions may present as mural small intestinal masses. These include endometriosis, which is discussed in detail in Chapter 13, and endocervicosis. Endocervicosis is the presence of benign…
Lymphatic Lesions Lymphangiectasia Intestinal lymphangiectasia is a rare congenital obstructive defect of the lymphatics primarily affecting children and young adults. It is characterized by protein-losing enteropathy, hypoproteinemia, edema, lymphocytopenia, malabsorption,…
Vascular Lesions Vascular lesions include telangiectasias, malformations, dysplasias, and neoplastic proliferations. In this chapter, we will cover malformations and telangiectasias; neoplasms are covered in Chapter 19 and angiodysplasia is covered…
Ischemic Enteritis When the blood supply to a tissue is interrupted, a sequence of chemical events leads to cellular dysfunction, edema, and ultimately cell death. Tissue anoxia results in anaerobic…
Diseases Associated with Abnormal Deposits in the Tissues Hemochromatosis Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH), an autosomal recessive disease, causes 1 in 7,000 hospital deaths and 1 in 20,000 annual hospital admissions (628)….
