Complications of Hemodialysis
Fig. 9.1 The step of physiological compensation for hypotension and the related pathologic conditions in each step There are a number of factors that interfere with these compensation mechanisms. Patient…
Complication of PD (Except Infection)
Fig. 17.1 Hemoperitoneum , probably due to anticoagulant therapy with warfarin in a patient undergoing PD Hemoperitoneum has a wide differential diagnosis (Table 17.1). Menstruation is a common and benign…
Peritonitis and Exit-Site Infection
Fig. 16.1 Purulent dialysate (Courtesy Yong-Lim Kim, Korea) PD patients presenting with cloudy effluent is presumed to have peritonitis and treated as such until the diagnosis can be confirmed or…
Modality Selection
In-center HD or home HD PD CHD (mainly in-center) SDHD NHD CAPD APD Location At a hospital/satellite dialysis unit At a hospital/satellite dialysis unit or home At a hospital/satellite…
Preparation and Timing of Dialysis Initiation
Education Preparation for permanent access before initiation of HD KDOQI 2015 GFR <30 (NG) At least 6 months (2006, B) JSDT 2015 GFR 15–30 (1D) At least 1 month (2C) ERBP…
Hemodialysis Procedure and Prescription
Fig. 4.1 Schematic demonstration of hemodialysis prescription 4.1.1 Preparation of Items Arterial and venous blood tubes (or blood tube set). Dialyzer . Two needles (15, 16, or 17 G) for hemodialysis….
Dialysis Indication and Initiation Time for Dialysis
Category Signs and symptoms Fluid accumulation Anasarca, severe low proteinemia, lung congestion Electrolyte disturbance Refractory electrolyte and/or acid-base disturbances Gastrointestinal symptoms Nausea , vomiting, appetite loss, diarrhea, or others Circulatory…
Flux of Dialysis Membrane: Benefit and Risk
Fig. 6.1 Backfiltration, back diffusion of pyrogen, activation of complement, monocyte, neutrophils Traditional cellulose-type membranes are known to have a lower adsorption capacity for pyrogens . On the other hand,…
