Colonoscopic Polypectomy: Punch, Snaring and EMR
Fig. 2.1 Estimating polyp siz e using biopsy forceps. The biopsy forceps have jaws with 2.5 mm in diameter, which open to a width of 7 mm For the successful…
Management of Colorectal Bleeding
Fig. 5.1 Immediate bleeding after polypectomy can be easily controlled by coagulation Fig. 5.2 (a) Active bleeding site covered with blood clots, (b) bleeding control by clipping 5.1 APC (Argon…
Early Colorectal Cancer
Category Diagnosis 1 Negative for neoplasia 2 Indefinite for neoplasia 3 Mucosal low grade neoplasia Low grade adenoma Low grade dysplasia 4 Mucosal high grade neoplasia 4–1 High grade adenoma/dysplasia…
Management of Large Sessile Polyps: EPMR vs. ESD
Fig. 3.1 Classification of LSTs The size and type of LSTs are good predictors of invasive cancer, and the proportion of submucosal carcinoma increases with increasing size of flat depressed…
Preparation for Therapeutic Colonoscopy
Current medication Antiplatelet agent: aspirin, NSAIDs, dipyridamole, thienopyridines (clopidogrel and ticlopidine), GP II/IIIa inhibitors (tirofiban, abciximab, eptifibatide) Anticoagulant: warfarin, UFH, LMWH Medication affecting renal function: ACE inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker,…
Management of Colonic Obstruction
Definite Clinical signs of peritonitis Clinical and radiological signs of perforation or colonic suffering Associated small intestine obstruction Relative Time required to obtain endoscopic expertise Peritoneal carcinomatosis Patients undergoing anti-angiogenic…
