Probiotic Therapy
Participants [# Treated] Trial design Probiotic (strains) Dosing (CFU/day) Trial length (months) Ref. 103 [50] DBRDD Single strain (E. coli Nissle) 5 × 1010 3 [45] 327 [162] DBRDD Single…
Bone Health in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Fig. 24.1 Bone formation (+) and resorption (−) during growth (From: Baron [12]) Changes in Cortical and Trabecular Bone with Growth Cortical and trabecular bone do not respond in the…
Growth Impairment in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Fig. 12.1 The GH/IGF-1 axis and its role in linear growth. The hypothalamic release of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) stimulates the pulsatile release of growth hormone (GH) from the…
Measurement of Quality of Life in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Fig. 51.1 Conceptual scheme of the domains and variables involved in a quality-of-life assessment. The x axis represents subjective perceptions of health, the y axis represents objective health status, the…
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Fig. 34.1 Azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine metabolism pathways. AZA azathioprine, GMPS guanosine monophosphate synthetase, HPRT hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase, IMPDH inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, 6-MMP 6-methylmercaptopurine, 6-MP 6-mercaptopurine, 6-TG 6-thioguanine, 6-TIMP 6-thioinosine monophosphate, TPMT thiopurine S-methyltransferase,…
The Natural History of Crohn Disease in Children
Fig. 7.1 Yearly Crohn disease activity over the first 10 years after diagnosis in a Danish population of children diagnosed prior to 15 years of age (Data from Langholz et…
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Skeletal Health
Fig. 13.1 Bone modeling and remodeling. (a) Bone remodeling takes place in both adults and children. It can occur in either trabecular or cortical bone as a consequence of microfractures,…
Malignant Tumors Arising in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Fig. 55.1 Timing in molecular alterations in sporadic colorectal cancer and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (From Gastroenterology, 2004) [4] IBD-associated CRCs share several features in common with sporadic CRC. First, they…
Immunizations in the Child with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Immunization Type Route of administration Patient age at time of recommended administration Hepatitis B Inactivated Parenteral 0–1 year (three doses) Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis Inactivated Parenteral 2–6…
Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Pregnancy
Safe to use when indicated Limited data but appear safe Contraindicated Oral, topical mesalamine Olsalazine Methotrexate Sulfasalazine Azathioprine/6-MP Thalidomide Corticosteroids Biologics Diphenoxylate Total parenteral nutrition Cyclosporine Loperamide Metronidazole Ciprofloxacina aNot…
