28: Portal Vein Thrombosis
Overall Bottom Line PVT can be divided into acute and chronic depending upon the rapidity and cause of the thrombosis. PVT is also commonly distinguished according to etiology: tumorous obstruction,…
42: Post-Operative Care of The Liver Transplantation Patient
Overall Bottom Line Success in liver transplantation depends on coordination of care among a multidisciplinary team. Initial assessment should start with careful review of the entire patient history including details…
21: Hepatic Encephalopathy
Overall Bottom Line HE is a myriad of complex neuropsychiatric symptoms occurring in patients with significant liver dysfunction. It occurs most commonly in patients with cirrhosis, but can be a…
25: Pregnancy-Related Liver Disease
Overall Bottom Line Pregnancy-specific liver diseases are the most common cause of abnormal liver tests in pregnancy. It is imperative to evaluate for pre-existing or newly acquired liver disease (viral…
27: Budd–Chiari Syndrome
Overall Bottom Line BCS is a vascular disorder of the liver causing outflow obstruction of blood flow. BCS can present as an acute fulminant hepatic failure with massive hepatic necrosis…
35: Liver Function Tests in Childhood
Overall Bottom Line The term LFTs is often misused to refer to serum chemistry tests. Liver disease is evaluated by tests that detect liver injury, impaired bile flow or cholestasis,…
14: Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Overall Bottom Line PSC is a cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the biliary system that can result in the formation of multifocal biliary strictures. Though the…
17: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
Overall Bottom Line Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is an inherited disease primarily affecting the lungs and liver, which is most often due to a defect in the release of AAT…
7: HIV/HCV and HIV/HBV Co-infections
Overall Bottom Line HIV co-infection accelerates both hepatitis C and hepatitis B natural history leading to faster progression to and increased incidence of cirrhosis, HCC and death. HIV/HCV co-infected patients…
22: Hepatorenal Syndrome
Overall Bottom Line HRS is a potentially reversible functional renal insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis, advanced liver failure and portal hypertension. There is no specific diagnostic test for HRS. The…
