The Spleen

Jan 6, 2019 by in ABDOMINAL MEDICINE Comments Off on The Spleen

BACKGROUND Print Section Listen The spleen was regarded by Galen as “an organ of mystery,” by Aristotle as unnecessary, and by Pliny as an organ that might hinder the speed…

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Treatment of Hepatic Metastasis

Jan 6, 2019 by in ABDOMINAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Treatment of Hepatic Metastasis

OVERVIEW Print Section Listen Hepatic metastases to the liver are significantly more common than primary liver malignancy and comprise approximately 90% of hepatic malignancies. Each year, approximately 140,000 new cases…

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Portal Hypertension

Jan 6, 2019 by in ABDOMINAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Portal Hypertension

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Portal hypertension (PHTN) can occur in cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients and can be classified as presinusoidal or prehepatic (extrahepatic or intrahepatic), sinusoidal or hepatic, or post-sinusoidal…

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Benign Liver Neoplasms

Jan 6, 2019 by in ABDOMINAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Benign Liver Neoplasms

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Benign liver neoplasms encompass a variety of liver lesions, each with distinct pathologic, radiographic, and molecular characteristics. These include hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, hepatocellular adenoma, and…

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Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas

Jan 6, 2019 by in ABDOMINAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The collective phrase “cystic lesions of the pancreas,” typically described on cross-sectional imaging of the abdomen, refers to any cystic neoplasms of the pancreas and/or other…

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Adrenal Anatomy and Physiology

Jan 6, 2019 by in ABDOMINAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Adrenal Anatomy and Physiology

ANATOMY Print Section Listen The adrenal glands are paired retroperitoneal organs superomedial to the kidneys at the level of the 12th rib. They are surrounded by loosely attached fat posteriorly…

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Malignant Liver Neoplasms

Jan 6, 2019 by in ABDOMINAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Malignant Liver Neoplasms

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen In 2018, primary liver tumors will be diagnosed in approximately 42,220 new patients in the United States, and approximately 30,200 individuals will die from this disease.1…

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Chronic Pancreatitis

Jan 6, 2019 by in ABDOMINAL MEDICINE Comments Off on Chronic Pancreatitis

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory and fibrosing disease of the exocrine pancreas characterized by irreversible morphological changes and permanent loss of function. The incidence of chronic…

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