Chronic Pelvic Pain
Chronic pelvic pain is pain lasting longer than 6 months and is estimated to occur in 15% of women. Causes of pelvic pain include disorders of gynecologic, urologic, gastroenterologic, and musculoskeletal…
Management of Radiation Proctitis
Radiation damage to the rectum following radiotherapy for pelvic malignancies can range from acute dose-limiting side effects to major morbidity affecting health-related quality of life. No standard guidelines exist for…
Anal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Diagnosis, follow up, and treatment of anal intraepithelial neoplasia are complex and not standardized. This may be partly caused by poor communication of biopsy and cytology findings between pathologists and…
Sexually Transmitted and Anorectal Infectious Diseases
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are common and they can involve the anus and rectum in both men and women. In this article, the main bacterial and viral STDs that affect…
Constipation and Pelvic Outlet Obstruction
Caring for patients with constipation and pelvic outlet obstruction can be challenging, requiring skill, patience, and empathy on the part of the medical professional. The mainstay of treatment is behavioral…
Surgical Management of Fecal Incontinence
The surgical approach to treating fecal incontinence is complex. After optimal medical management has failed, surgery remains the best option for restoring function. Patient factors, such as prior surgery, anatomic…
Rectal Prolapse and Intussusception
Rectal prolapse continues to be problematic for both patients and surgeons alike, in part because of increased recurrence rates despite several well-described operations. Patients should be aware that although the…
Pruritus Ani
Pruritus ani is a common condition with multiple causes. Primary causes are thought to be fecal soiling or food irritants. Secondary causes include malignancy, infections including sexually transmitted diseases, benign…
Anal Abscess and Fistula
Benign anorectal diseases, such as anal abscesses and fistula, are commonly seen by primary care physicians, gastroenterologists, emergency physicians, general surgeons, and colorectal surgeons. It is important to have a…
Anal Fissure and Stenosis
Anal fissure is a common anorectal disorder resulting in anal pain and bleeding. Fissures can either heal spontaneously and be classified as acute, or persist for 6 or more weeks…
