Endoscopy: Pit Pattern Diagnosis
Fig. 2.1 Magnified image of normal mucosa in colon. We can recognize roundish pits as normal crypts Fig. 2.2 Typical type II pit pattern consists of star-like or onion-skin-like surface…
Strategy After Endoscopic Resection for Colorectal T1(SM) Cancer: Present Status and Future Perspective
Fig. 13.1 cTis(M) cancer or cT1(SM) cancer treatment strategy based on the JSCCR Guidelines for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer 2016 13.2 Current Additional Surgical Resection Criteria for Endoscopic Resected…
Endoscopy: Image-Enhanced Endoscopy Focused on JNET Classification—Blue Laser Imaging (BLI)
Fig. 4.1 Theory of blue laser imaging (BLI) and white light imaging (WLI) made from laser endoscopy 4.3 Tumor Characterization NBI and pit pattern observation are the gold standard for…
Ultrasound Sonography Including High-Frequency Ultrasound Probes
Fig. 5.1 The normal colonic wall is visualized as a nine-layered structure by EUS (HFUP). The first three echo layers, mucosa; the fourth thin, hypoechoic layer, muscularis mucosa; the fifth…
Diagnosis of Submucosal Invasive Colorectal Carcinoma (pT1 Colorectal Cancer): Overview of Histopathological and Molecular Markers to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis of Submucosal Invasive Colorectal Cancer
Fig. 12.1 Representative images of submucosal invasive colorectal cancer (SICRC) at (a) low and (b) high magnifications. (c) Desmin immunostaining. Note that muscularis mucosa is clearly found, although the narrow…
Endoscopy: Image-Enhanced Endoscopy Focused on JNET Classification—Narrow-Band Imaging (NBI)
Fig. 3.1 The NBI International Colorectal Endoscopic (NICE) classification Table 3.1 Performance characteristics of the NICE classification for high-confidence prediction NICE 1 vs. 2 NICE 2 vs. 3 Prediction…
Submucosal Dissection for T1 Colorectal Cancer
Total of colorectal ESD (n = 1902) Colorectal ESD for the T1b lesion (n = 169) R0 resection rate 1833 (96.4%) 125 (74.0%) Curative resection rate 1665 (87.5%) – Regarding tumor morphology, laterally…
6. Endocytoscopy
Fig. 6.1 Appearance of an endocytoscope (CF-H290ECI) 6.1.2 Diagnostic Performance of Colorectal Submucosal Cancers Using Endocytoscopes Over ten clinical studies including one prospective trial [4] and one randomized trial [3]…
Colonoscopy Including Indigo Carmine Dye Spray
Univariate analyses with Mann-Whitney U Colonoscopic findings p Value Colonoscopic findings p Value Comprehensive view Property of the tumor surroundings Expansion appearance 0.0369 Converging folds towards the tumor…
