Anterior mediastinum Middle mediastinum Posterior mediastinum Thymoma Lymphoma Neurogenic tumor Teratoma, seminoma Pericardial cyst Bronchogenic cyst Lymphoma Bronchogenic cyst Enteric cyst Carcinoma Metastatic cyst Xanthogranuloma Parathyroid adenoma Systemic granuloma Diaphragmatic…

Reference Subjects Treatment duration Main findings [14] 257 patients 239 controls (unexposed) 4.9 months (dexfenfluramine) 26.5 months (dexfenfluramine and phentermine) Odds ratio for cardiac valve abnormalities 12.7 for dexfenfluramine, 24.5…

Fig. 9.1 (a, b) Computed tomographic (CT) appearance of thoracic periaortitis. The perivascular tissue surrounds (a) the upper portion of descending aorta (arrow), and (b) the ascending thoracic aorta (arrow)….

Author, year Number of patients Type of study Main results Li et al. (2010) [8] 70 Histological case-control study of IgG4-thyroiditis and non-IgG4 thyroiditis IgG4-thyroiditis and non-IgG4 thyroiditis are distinct…

  Grados et al. [15] Wallace et al. [13] Fernandez-Codina et al. [19] Campochiaro et al. [16] Chen et al. [17] Lin et al. [18] Inoue et al. [14]a No….

Fig. 10.1 Mediastinal tissue biopsy of a patient affected by idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis with elevated serum IgG4 levels. The pictures show fibrotic tissue with linfo-plasmacellular infiltration (a). IgG4 (b) and…

Fig. 8.1 Schematic representation of the clinical spectrum of retroperitoneal fibrosis and chronic periaortitis 8.2 Secondary Forms of RPF The clinical entities included in the spectrum of CP are idiopathic….