Clinical indication Strength of evidence for increased risk of HCC Recommendation NAFLD with cirrhosis Strong Screen for HCC with liver ultrasound every 6 months NAFLD without cirrhosis Emerging evidence HCC…
Cause Method of evaluation Central obesity Waist circumference >102 cm in men Waist circumference >88 cm in women Impaired fasting glucose Fasting blood glucose >110 mg/dL Hypertension Systolic blood pressure…
Figure 1.1 Gastrointestinal complications associated with diabetes (Reproduced with permission from Sellin [11] ©Nature) 1.2 Risk Factors Elevated blood glucose (HbA1c), long duration of diabetes, and the presence of established…
Major criteria Minor criteria Major criteria A Cysts Hyperechoic foci with shadowing (parenchymal calcifications) Stranding Main pancreatic duct calculi Hyperechoic foci without shadowing Lobularity without honeycombing Major criteria B Irregular…
Figure 8.1 Posttransplant management: blood glucose control. FPG fasting plasma glucose, IGT impaired glucose tolerance, PG plasma glucose (Reproduced with permission from Wilkinson [29] ©Wiley) References 1. Tolman KG, Fonseca…
Drug class Medication Hepatotoxicity Safe in patients with cirrhosis? Comment Sulfonylureasa Glyburide, glipizide Rare cholestasis Yes May not overcome insulin resistance and defect in insulin secretion seen in alcoholic cirrhosis…
Test Change from nonpregnant state Bilirubin (total) Unchanged (or slightly decreased) Aminotransferases (AST, ALT) Unchanged Alkaline phosphatase Increases 2–4 fold Albumin Decreases Prothrombin time Unchanged Fibrinogen Increases by 50 %…
Fig. 36.1 Trends in the distribution of major indications for liver transplantation over the past decade in the United States. HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, HCV hepatitis C, ALD alcoholic liver disease,…
Fig. 34.1 Endoscopic view of grade 2 varices in distal esophagus Prevention of Variceal Hemorrhage Screening for Esophageal Varices in Cirrhotics A great deal of research has been performed on…
Scenario (If the parents…) Transmission (….then the children) If both parents have the disease… …then all children will have the disease If one parent has the disease and one parent…
